Amphilophium crucigerum

Amphilophium crucigerum is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae, native from Mexico through Central America into South America as far south as Argentina.[1] It was first described by Carl Linnaeus (as Bignonia crucigera) in 1753.[2] The synonym Pithecoctenium crucigerum has often been used.[1]

Amphilophium crucigerum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Bignoniaceae
Genus: Amphilophium
Species:
A. crucigerum
Binomial name
Amphilophium crucigerum
(L.) L.G.Lohmann[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Anisostichus crucigera (L.) Small
  • Bignonia botryoides Cham.
  • Bignonia catharinae DC.
  • Bignonia crucigera L.
  • Bignonia echinata Aubl.
  • Bignonia echinata Jacq.
  • Bignonia hexagona DC.
  • Bignonia lundii DC.
  • Bignonia muricata DC.
  • Bignonia phaseoloides Cham.
  • Bignonia squalus Vell.
  • Bignonia tiliifolia Kunth
  • Bignonia vitalba Cham.
  • Neves-armondia cordifolia (Mart.) K.Schum.
  • Petastoma phaseoloides (Cham.) Miers
  • Pithecoctenium aubletii Splitg.
  • Pithecoctenium botryoides (Cham.) DC.
  • Pithecoctenium catharinae DC.
  • Pithecoctenium cordifolium Mart.
  • Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H.Gentry
  • Pithecoctenium echinatum (Jacq.) Baill.
  • Pithecoctenium glaucum Rusby
  • Pithecoctenium hexagonum DC.
  • Pithecoctenium lundii DC.
  • Pithecoctenium muricatum Moc. ex DC.
  • Pithecoctenium phaseoloides (Cham.) Schenck
  • Pithecoctenium squalus (Vell.) DC.
  • Pithecoctenium tribrachiatum Loes.
  • Pithecoctenium vitalba (Cham.) DC.

The species has become an invasive weed in Australia.[3] Chemical investigation of methanol extracted from this species yielded the iridoid glycoside theviridoside along with five phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these last all active against DPPH.[4]

References
  1. "Amphilophium crucigerum (L.) L.G.Lohmann", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-03-20
  2. "Amphilophium crucigerum (L.) L.G.Lohmann", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-03-20
  3. "Monkey-comb, PITHECOCTENIUM CRUCIGERUM".
  4. Martin, Frédéric; Hay, Anne-Emmanuelle; Corno, Laura; Gupta, Mahabir P.; Hostettmann, Kurt (May 2007). "Iridoid glycosides from the stems of Pithecoctenium crucigerum (Bignoniaceae)". Phytochemistry. 68 (9): 1307–11. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.002. PMID 17382978.


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