Characidium

Characidium is a genus of fish in the family Crenuchidae (South American darters). They are mainly found in South America, but C. marshi is from Panama.[1] They are small (less than 10 cm or 4 in long), slender fish that live on the bottom in flowing fresh waters and feed on small animals such as insects.[2]

Characidium
Characidium fasciatum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Characiformes
Family:
Crenuchidae
Genus:
Characidium

Type species
Characidium fasciatum
J. T. Reinhardt, 1867
Synonyms

Chorimycterus Cope, 1894
Geryichthys Zarske, 1997
Jobertina Pellegrin, 1909
Microcharax Eigenmann, 1909
Nanognathus Boulenger, 1895
Poecilosomatops Fowler, 1906

Species

There are currently 69 recognized species in this genus:[1]

  • Characidium alipioi Travassos, 1955
  • Characidium amaila Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth & López-Fernández, 2013[2]
  • Characidium bahiense V. G. Almeida, 1971
  • Characidium bimaculatum Fowler, 1941[3]
  • Characidium boavistae Steindachner, 1915
  • Characidium boehlkei Géry, 1972
  • Characidium bolivianum N. E. Pearson, 1924
  • Characidium borellii (Boulenger, 1895)
  • Characidium brevirostre Pellegrin, 1909
  • Characidium caucanum C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
  • Characidium chancoense Agudelo-Zamora, Ortega-Lara & Taphorn, 2020[4]
  • Characidium chupa L. P. Schultz, 1944
  • Characidium clistenesi M. R. S. de Melo & Espíndola, 2016[3]
  • Characidium crandellii Steindachner, 1915
  • Characidium declivirostre Steindachner, 1915
  • Characidium deludens Zanata & Camelier, 2015[5]
  • Characidium etheostoma Cope, 1872
  • Characidium etzeli Zarske & Géry, 2001
  • Characidium fasciatum J. T. Reinhardt, 1867
  • Characidium geryi (Zarske, 1997)[6]
  • Characidium gomesi Travassos, 1956
  • Characidium grajahuense Travassos, 1944
  • Characidium hasemani Steindachner, 1915
  • Characidium heinianum Zarske & Géry, 2001
  • Characidium heirmostigmata da Graça & Pavanelli, 2008
  • Characidium helmeri Zanata, Sarmento-Soares & Martins-Pinheiro, 2015[7]
  • Characidium interruptum Pellegrin, 1909
  • Characidium japuhybense Travassos, 1949
  • Characidium kamakan Zanata & Camelier, 2015[5]
  • Characidium lagosantense Travassos, 1947
  • Characidium lanei Travassos, 1967
  • Characidium laterale (Boulenger, 1895)
  • Characidium lauroi Travassos, 1949
  • Characidium litorale Leitão & Buckup, 2014[8]
  • Characidium longum Taphorn, Montaña & Buckup, 2006
  • Characidium macrolepidotum (W. K. H. Peters, 1868)
  • Characidium marshi Breder, 1925
  • Characidium mirim Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Buckup, 2013[9]
  • Characidium nana Mendonça & Netto-Ferreira, 2015[10]
  • Characidium nupelia da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
  • Characidium occidentale Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
  • Characidium oiticicai Travassos, 1967
  • Characidium onca M. R. S. de Melo, Mauro César Lambert de Brito Ribeiro & F. C. T. Lima, 2021[11]
  • Characidium orientale Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
  • Characidium papachibe L. A. W. Peixoto & Wosiacki, 2013[12]
  • Characidium pellucidum C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
  • Characidium phoxocephalum C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
  • Characidium pteroides C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
  • Characidium pterostictum A. L. Gomes, 1947
  • Characidium purpuratum Steindachner, 1882
  • Characidium rachovii Regan, 1913
  • Characidium roesseli Géry, 1965
  • Characidium samurai Zanata & Camelier, 2014[13]
  • Characidium sanctjohanni Dahl, 1960
  • Characidium satoi M. R. S. de Melo & Oyakawa, 2015[14]
  • Characidium schindleri Zarske & Géry, 2001
  • Characidium schubarti Travassos, 1955
  • Characidium serrano Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
  • Characidium steindachneri Cope, 1878
  • Characidium sterbai (Zarske, 1997) [6]
  • Characidium stigmosum M. R. S. de Melo & Buckup, 2002
  • Characidium summum Zanata & Ohara, 2015[15]
  • Characidium tenue (Cope, 1894)
  • Characidium timbuiense Travassos, 1946
  • Characidium travassosi M. R. S. de Melo, Buckup & Oyakawa, 2016[6]
  • Characidium vestigipinne Buckup & L. Hahn, 2000
  • Characidium vidali Travassos, 1967
  • Characidium xanthopterum Silveira, Langeani, da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
  • Characidium xavante da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
  • Characidium zebra C. H. Eigenmann, 1909

References
  1. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Characidium in FishBase. September 2017 version.
  2. Lujan, N.K., Agudelo-Zamora, H., Taphorn, D.C., Booth, P.N. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Description of a New, Narrowly Endemic South American Darter (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Central Guiana Shield Highlands of Guyana. Copeia, 2013 (3): 454-463.
  3. Melo, M.R.S. & Espíndola, V.C. (2016): Description of a new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, and redescription of Characidium bimaculatum Fowler, 1941. Zootaxa, 4196 (4): 552-568.
  4. Agudelo-Zamora, Henry D.; Ortega-Lara, Armando; Taphorn, Donald C. B. (2020-05-01). "Characidium chancoense , a new species of South American darter from the Río Cauca drainage, Colombia (Characiformes: Crenuchidae)". Zootaxa. 4768 (2): 249–263. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4768.2.6. ISSN 1175-5334.
  5. Zanata, A.M. & Camelier, P. (2015): Two new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from northeastern Brazilian coastal drainages. Neotropical Ichthyology, 13 (3): 487-498.
  6. Melo, M.R.S., Buckup, P.A. & Oyakawa, O.T. (2016): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) endemic to the Atlantic Forest in Paraná State, southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (3): e160014.
  7. Zanata, A.M., Sarmento-Soares, L.M. & Martins-Pinheiro, R.F. (2015): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal rivers in the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4040 (3): 371–383.
  8. Leitão, R.P. & Buckup, P.A. (2014): A New Species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Coastal Basins of Serra do Mar, Southeastern Brazil. Copeia, 2014 (1): 14-22.
  9. Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O. & Buckup, P.A. (2013): A new miniature species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the headwaters of the rio Araguaia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3664 (3): 361–368.
  10. Mendonça, M.B. & Netto-Ferreira, A.L. (2015): New species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Rio Tapajós and Rio Xingu drainages, Pará, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4021 (1): 187-194.
  11. Marcelo Roberto Souto de Melo, Mauro César Lambert de Brito Ribeiro, Flávio César Thadeo de Lima, A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil, Neotrop. ichthyol. 19 (01) • 2021, https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0061
  12. Peixoto, L.A.W. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2013): A New Species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Lower Amazon. Copeia, 2013 (1): 52-57.
  13. Zanata, A.M. & Camelier, P. (2014): A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from small coastal drainages in northeastern Brazil, with remarks on the pseudotympanum of some species of the genus. Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 333-342.
  14. Melo, M.R.S. & Oyakawa, O.T. (2015): A New Species of Characidium Reinhardt (Characiformes, Crenuchidae) with a Distinctively Dimorphic Male. Copeia, 103 (2): 281-289.
  15. Zanata, A.M. & Ohara, W.M. (2015): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from headwaters of rio Pacaás Novos, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4021 (2): 368-376.
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