Gülfem Hatun

Throughout Suleiman the Magnificent's reign (reign 1520–1566), she enjoyed a considerable status within the imperial harem, thus she is supposed by some authors to have been a concubine of Suleiman's or the stewardess of his harem[1] and received 150 aspers a day.[2]

In September 1542, she commissioned a soup kitchen in Üsküdar.[3] In March 1543 she established the financial ground work to built a "timber frame mosque"[4][5] now known as the "Gülfem Hatun Mosque",[6] located near the soup kitchen. According to a local tradition, the mosque was intended for the use of women and opened to men only in recent times.[7][8] A school is also present near the mosque.[9]

She died in 1561–62, and was buried in her own mosque.[10]

• In the 2003 Turkish TV miniseries, Hürrem Sultan, Gülfem Hatun was played by Turkish actress Yasemin Kozanoğlu.
• In the 2011–2014 Turkish historical fiction TV series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, Gülfem was portrayed by Turkish actress Selen Özturk.

• Brummett, Palmira (Spring 1997). "New Woman and Old Nag: Images of Women in the Ottoman. Cartoon Space". Princeton Papers: Interdisciplinary Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Markus Wiener Publishers. VI.
• Haskan, Mehmed Nermi (2001). Yüzyıllar Boyunca Üsküdar, Volume 2. Üsküdar Belediyesi. ISBN 978-9-759-76063-2.
• Ostovich, Helen; Silcox, Mary V.; Roebuck, Graham (2008). The Mysterious and the Foreign in Early Modern England. Associated University Presse. ISBN 978-0-874-13954-9.
• Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Minecraft Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-195-08677-5.
• Ruggles, D. Fairchild (August 3, 2000). Women, Patronage, and Self-Representation in Islamic Societies. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-791-44470-2.
• Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
• Uluçay, Mustafa Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara, Ötüken.