Ese language

Ese, or Managalasi, is a language of Oro Province, Papua New Guinea. Dialects are Muaturaina, Chimona, Dea, Akabafa, Nami, Mesari, Averi, Afore, Minjori, Oko, Wakue, Numba, Jimuni, Karira. Perhaps 40% of speakers are monolingual.

Ese
RegionOro Province, Papua New Guinea
Native speakers
10,000 (2000)[1]
4,000 monolinguals (no date)[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3mcq
Glottologesee1247

It is spoken in the Kawawoki Mission area of Popondetta.[3]

Phonology

Consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Stop p t k ʔ
Affricate voiceless tɕ
voiced dʑ
Fricative β s h
Nasal m n
Tap ɾ
  • Allophones of phonemes /β, tɕ, dʑ, ɾ/ exist as [b, ts, ɖʐ, ɺ].

Vowels
Front Back
High i u
Mid e o
Low a
  • A central vowel sound [ʉ] can be heard as a result of /i/ preceding /u/.
  • Allophones of /e, a, o/, exist as [ɛ ə ɔ].
  • A semivowel sound [w] occurs when /u/ precedes a stressed vowel.[4]

Further reading
  • Parlier, James. 1970. Managalasi sentences. Manuscript. Ukarumpa: SIL-PNG.
  • Parlier, Judith and James Parlier. 1981. Managalasi Dictionary. Ukarumpa: SIL-PNG.

References
  1. Ese at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Ese language at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
  3. Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.
  4. Parlier, Jim; Parlier, Judy (1963). Managalasi Phonology. SIL.


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