President of the Republic
The President of the Republic is a title used for heads of state and/or heads of government in countries having republican form of government.
Designation
In most cases the president of a republic is elected, either:
- by direct universal suffrage (by all voters), or
- by indirect suffrage, or
- by a Parliament or one of its Chambers, or
- by an electoral college which may itself be designated.
Republics having Presidents
Africa
Algeria: President of Algeria, President of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria since 1962
Benin: President of Benin, President of the Republic of Benin since 1960
Botswana: President of Botswana, President of the Republic of Botswana since 1966
Cameroon: President of Cameroon, President of the Republic of Cameroon since 1960- Comoros : President of the Comoros, President of the Union of the Comoros since 1975
Egypt: President of Egypt, President of the Arab Republic of Egypt since 1953
Ethiopia: President of Ethiopia, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia since 1974
Ghana: President of Ghana, President of the Republic of Ghana since 1960
Ivory Coast: President of Ivory Coast, President of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire since 1960
Liberia: President of the Republic of Liberia since 1848
Senegal: President of Senegal since 1960
Seychelles: President of Seychelles since 1976
Sierra Leone: President of Sierra Leone, President of the Republic of Sierra Leone since 1971
Somalia: President of Somalia, Madaxaweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliyeed since 1960- Somaliland: President of Somaliland, since 1991
South Africa: President of South Africa, President of the Republic of South Africa since 1994
South Sudan: President of South Sudan since 2011
Sudan: President of Sudan since 1956
Tunisia: President of Tunisia, President of the Republic of Tunisia since 1957
Uganda: President of Uganda, President of the Republic of Uganda since 1967
The Americas
Argentina: President of Argentina, Presidente de la Nación Argentina since 1826
Barbados: President of Barbados, President of Barbados since 2021
Brazil: President of Brazil, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil since 1889
Colombia: President of Colombia, Presidente de la República de Colombia since 1819
Chile: President of Chile, Presidente de la República de Chile since 1826
Costa Rica: President of Costa Rica, Presidente de la República de Costa Rica since 1848
Cuba: President of Cuba, Presidente del Consejo de Estado de Cuba since 1902
Ecuador: President of Ecuador, Presidente de la República del Ecuador since 1830
Guatemala: President of Guatemala, Presidente de Guatemala since 1839
Guyana: President of Guyana, President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana since 1970
Haiti: President of Haiti, Président de la République d'Haïti (French), Prezidan peyi Repiblik Ayiti (Creole) since 1807
Honduras: President of Honduras, Presidente de la República de Honduras since 1982
Suriname: President of Suriname, President van de Republiek Suriname since 1975
United States of America: President of the United States of America since 1789
Uruguay: President of Uruguay, Presidente de la República Oriental del Uruguay since 1830
Mexico: President of Mexico, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 1824 to 1864 and since 1867
Asia
Azerbaijan: President of Azerbaijan, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan since 1991
Republic of China: President of the Republic of China, 中華民國總統 since 1912
People's Republic of China: President of the People's Republic of China, 中华人民共和国主席 since 1954, restored in 1982
India: President of India, भारत गणराज्य के राष्ट्रपति (in Hindi), President of the Republic of India (English) since 1950
Indonesia: President of Indonesia, Presiden Republik Indonesia since 1945
Iran: President of Iran, رییسجمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān (Persian) since 1980
Iraq: President of Iraq, رئيس العراق Rayis aleiraq since 1958
Israel: President of Israel, נשיא מדינת ישראל, President of the State of Israel since 1949
Kazakhstan: President of Kazakhstan, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті, Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Prezïdenti since 1990- Maldives: President of the Maldives 1953-54 and since 1968
Mongolia: President of Mongolia, Монгол Улсын Ерөнхийлөгч, Mongol Ulsyn Yerönkhiilögch since 1990
Philippines: President of the Philippines, President of the Republic of the Philippines, "Pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas" (Filipino) since 1899
South Korea: President of South Korea, 대한민국 대통령, President of the Republic of South Korea since 1948
Sri Lanka: President of Sri Lanka, ශ්රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති (Sinhalese), இலங்கை சனாதிபதி (Tamil) since 1972
Laos: President of Laos, President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic since 1975
Syria: President of Syria, رئيس سوريا Rayis suria since 1946
Uzbekistan: President of Uzbekistan, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Prezidenti since 1990
Vietnam: President of Vietnam, President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since 1945
Singapore: President of Singapore, President of the Republic of Singapore since 1965
Europe
Albania: President of Albania, Presidenti i Shqipërisë since 1991
Austria: President of Austria, Bundespräsident der Republik Österreich since 1920
Belarus: President of Belarus, Прэзідэнт Рэспублікі Беларусь or Президент Республики Беларусь (President of the Republic of Belarus) since 1994
Bulgaria: President of Bulgaria, Президент на Република България since 1990
Croatia: President of Croatia Predsjednik Republike Hrvatske since 1990
Cyprus: President of Cyprus, Πρόεδρος της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας or Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı (President of the Republic of Cyprus, lit. 'President of the Cypriot Republic') since 1960
Northern Cyprus: President of Northern Cyprus Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı since 1983
Estonia: President of Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi President since 1992 (pre Soviet 1938)
Finland: President of Finland, Tasavallan presidentti or Republikens president since 1919
France: President of the French Republic, Président de la République Française 1848-52 and since 1870
Georgia: President of Georgia, საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი since 1991
Germany: President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany) 1949-90 for West Germany only, and since 1990 for all of Germany
Czech Republic: President of the Czech Republic, Prezident České republiky (President of the Czech Republic) since 1993
Greece: President of the Hellenic Republic, Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας (President of the Hellenic Republic) since 1973
Hungary: President of the Republic of Hungary, Köztársasági elnök since 1989
Iceland: President of Iceland, Forseti Íslands since 1944
Ireland: President of Dáil Éireann (1919-1922), alternative title President of the Republic used by Éamon de Valera from August 1921 to January 1922- Ireland: President of Ireland, Uachtarán na hÉireann since 1938
Italy: President of the Italian Republic, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana since 1948
Poland: President of Poland, Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (President of the Republic of Poland) since 1922
Portugal: President of the Portuguese Republic, Presidente da República Portuguesa since 1910
Romania: President of Romania, Președintele României since 1974
Russia: President of Russia, Президент Российской Федерации Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii since 1991
Serbia: President of Serbia, Председник Републике Србије Predsednik Republike Srbije since 1945
Slovakia: President of the Slovak Republic, Prezident Slovenskej republiky since 1993
Slovenia: President of Slovenia, Predsednik Republike Slovenije since 1991
Turkey: President of Turkey, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı (President of the Republic of Turkey) since 1923
Ukraine: President of Ukraine, Президент України since 1991
Oceania
Fiji: President of Fiji, President of the Republic of Fiji since 1987
French Polynesia: President of French Polynesia since 1984
See also
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