Soyuz-FG
The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle was an improved version of the Soyuz-U from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara, Russia. Guidance, navigation, and control system was developed and manufactured by "Polisvit" Special Design Bureau[6] (Kharkov, Ukraine).
![]() The launch of Soyuz TMA-3 atop a Soyuz-FG rocket.  | |
| Function | Orbital carrier rocket | 
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | TsSKB-Progress | 
| Country of origin | Russia | 
| Size | |
| Height | 
  | 
| Diameter | 2.95 m | 
| Mass | 305,000 kg (672,000 lb) | 
| Stages | 2 (Soyuz FG) or 3 (Soyuz-FG/Fregat) | 
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO | |
| Mass | 
  | 
| Payload to SSO | |
| Mass | FG/Fregat: 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) | 
| Associated rockets | |
| Family | R-7 (Soyuz) | 
| Launch history | |
| Status | Retired | 
| Launch sites | |
| Total launches | 70 (FG: 60, FG/Fregat: 10)[2][3] | 
| Success(es) | 69 | 
| Failure(s) | 1 | 
| First flight | 
  | 
| Last flight | 
  | 
| People or cargo transported | |
| Boosters – Blok-B,V,G,D[4] | |
| No. boosters | 4 | 
| Height | 19.6 m (64 ft) | 
| Diameter | 2.68 m (8.8 ft) | 
| Empty mass | 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) | 
| Gross mass | 43,400 kg (95,700 lb) | 
| Powered by | RD-107A | 
| Maximum thrust | 
  | 
| Specific impulse | 
  | 
| Burn time | 118 seconds | 
| Propellant | LOX/RG-1 | 
| Second stage – Blok-A[4] | |
| Height | 27.1 m (89 ft) | 
| Diameter | 2.95 m (9.7 ft) | 
| Empty mass | 6,550 kg (14,440 lb) | 
| Gross mass | 99,500 kg (219,400 lb) | 
| Powered by | RD-108A | 
| Maximum thrust | 
  | 
| Specific impulse | 
  | 
| Burn time | 280 seconds | 
| Propellant | LOX/RG-1 | 
| Third stage – Blok-I[4] | |
| Height | 6.7 m (22 ft) | 
| Diameter | 2.66 m (8.7 ft) | 
| Empty mass | 2,410 kg (5,310 lb) | 
| Gross mass | 25,300 kg (55,800 lb) | 
| Powered by | RD-0110 | 
| Maximum thrust | 297.93 kilonewtons (66,980 lbf) | 
| Specific impulse | 326 seconds | 
| Burn time | 230 seconds | 
| Propellant | LOX/RG-1 | 
| Upper stage (optional) – Fregat[5] | |
| Height | 1.5 m (4.9 ft) | 
| Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) | 
| Empty mass | 930 kg (2,050 lb) | 
| Propellant mass | 5,250 kg (11,570 lb) | 
| Powered by | S5.92 | 
| Maximum thrust | 19.85 kilonewtons (4,460 lbf) | 
| Specific impulse | 333.2 seconds | 
| Burn time | 1100 seconds | 
| Propellant | N2O4/UDMH | 
Soyuz-FG made its maiden flight on 20 May 2001, carrying a Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS). It was retired after the 25 September 2019 launch of Soyuz MS-15 to the ISS; the analog control system significantly limited its capabilities and prompted its replacement by Soyuz-2.[7] From 30 October 2002 to 25 September 2019, the Soyuz-FG was the only vehicle used by the Russian Federal Space Agency to launch Soyuz-TMA and Soyuz-MS crewed spacecraft to the ISS.
For uncrewed flights, Soyuz-FG optionally flew with a Fregat upper stage, developed and produced by Lavochkin Association in Khimki. The maiden flight of this configuration occurred on 2 June 2003, the first of ten such launches.[3] Launches of the Soyuz-FG/Fregat configuration were marketed by a European-Russian company called Starsem.
Soyuz-FG was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, from Gagarin's Start (pad LC-1/5) for crewed missions, and from LC-31/6 for satellite launches with the Fregat variant.
The Soyuz-FG performed 64 successful launches until its first failure on 11 October 2018 with the Soyuz MS-10 mission. A video recording of the spaceflight released several weeks later suggested a faulty sensor, resulted in the destruction of the rocket. The crew, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksey Ovchinin, escaped safely.[8]
Launch history
    
| Date and time (UTC) | Configuration | Serial number | Launch site | Result | Payload | Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 May 2001  22:32  | 
Soyuz-FG | К15000-001 | Gagarin's Start  (Baikonur LC-1/5)  | 
Success | Progress M1-6 | ISS logistics | 
| 26 November 2001  18:24  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ф15000-002 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Progress M1-7 | ISS logistics  Kolibri 2000  | 
| 25 September 2002  16:58  | 
Soyuz-FG | Э15000-003 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Progress M1-9 | ISS logistics | 
| 30 October 2002  16:58  | 
Soyuz-FG | Э15000-004 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-1 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS escape craft  | 
| 26 April 2003  03:53  | 
Soyuz-FG | Э15000-006 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-2 | Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 7  | 
| 2 June 2003  18:24  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Э15000-005/ ST-11  | 
Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Mars Express[9] | Mars orbiter | 
| Beagle 2 | Mars lander  Spacecraft failed after landing  | |||||
| 18 October 2003  05:38  | 
Soyuz-FG | Д15000-007 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-3 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 8  | 
| 27 December 2003  21:30  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Д15000-008/ ST-12  | 
Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | AMOS-2 | Communications satellite | 
| 19 April 2004  05:19  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ж15000-009 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-4 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 9  | 
| 14 October 2004  03:06  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ж15000-012 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-5 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 10  | 
| 15 April 2005  00:46  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ж15000-014 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-6 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 11  | 
| 13 August 2005  23:28  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Ж15000-011/ ST-13  | 
Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Galaxy 14 | Communications satellite | 
| 1 October 2005  03:54  | 
Soyuz-FG | П15000-017 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-7 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 12  | 
| 9 November 2005  03:33  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Ж15000-010/ ST-14  | 
Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Venus Express | Venus orbiter | 
| 28 December 2005  05:19  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | П15000-015/ ST-15  | 
Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | GIOVE-A | Navigation satellite | 
| 30 March 2006  02:30  | 
Soyuz-FG | П15000-018 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-8 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 13  | 
| 18 September 2006  04:08  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ц15000-023 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-9 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 14  | 
| 7 April 2007  17:31  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ц15000-019 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-10 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 15  | 
| 29 May 2007  20:31  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Ц15000-021 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Globalstar × 4 | Communications satellites | 
| 10 October 2007  13:22  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ц15000-020 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-11 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 16  | 
| 20 October 2007  20:12  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Ц15000-022 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Globalstar × 4 | Communications satellites | 
| 14 December 2007  13:17  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Ц15000-025 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | RADARSAT-2 | Earth observation | 
| 8 April 2008  11:16  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ш15000-024 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-12 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 17 First South Korean in space.  | 
| 26 April 2008  22:16  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | П15000-016 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | GIOVE-B | Navigation satellite | 
| 12 October 2008  07:01  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ш15000-026 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-13 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 18  | 
| 26 March 2009  11:49  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ю15000-027 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-14 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 19  | 
| 27 May 2009  10:34  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ю15000-030 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-15 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 20  | 
| 30 September 2009  07:14  | 
Soyuz-FG | Б15000-029 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-16 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 21  | 
| 20 December 2009  21:52  | 
Soyuz-FG | Б15000-031 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-17 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 22  | 
| 2 April 2010  04:04  | 
Soyuz-FG | Ю15000-028 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-18 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 23  | 
| 15 June 2010  21:35  | 
Soyuz-FG | Б15000-032 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-19 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 24  | 
| 7 October 2010  23:10  | 
Soyuz-FG | Б15000-035 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-01M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 25  | 
| 15 December 2010  19:09  | 
Soyuz-FG | Б15000-034 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-20 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 26  | 
| 4 April 2011  22:18  | 
Soyuz-FG | И15000-036 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-21 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 27  | 
| 7 June 2011  20:12  | 
Soyuz-FG | И15000-037 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-02M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 28  | 
| 14 November 2011  04:14  | 
Soyuz-FG | И15000-038 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-22 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 29  | 
| 21 December 2011  13:16  | 
Soyuz-FG | Л15000-039 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-03M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 30/31  | 
| 15 May 2012  03:01  | 
Soyuz-FG | Л15000-041 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-04M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 31/32  | 
| 15 July 2012  02:40  | 
Soyuz-FG | Л15000-042 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-05M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 32/33  | 
| 22 July 2012  06:41  | 
Soyuz-FG/Fregat | Б15000-033 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | 
  | 
Earth observation and technology demonstration satellites | 
| 23 October 2012  10:51  | 
Soyuz-FG | Л15000-044 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Soyuz TMA-06M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 33/34  | 
| 19 December 2012  12:12  | 
Soyuz-FG | Л15000-040 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-07M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 34/35  | 
| 28 March 2013  20:43  | 
Soyuz-FG | Е15000-043 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-08M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 35/36  | 
| 28 May 2013  20:31  | 
Soyuz-FG | Е15000-045 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-09M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 36/37  | 
| 25 September 2013  20:58  | 
Soyuz-FG | Е15000-046 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-10M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 37/38  | 
| 7 November 2013  04:14  | 
Soyuz-FG | Т15000-048 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-11M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 38/39  | 
| 25 March 2014  21:17  | 
Soyuz-FG | Т15000-047 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-12M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 39/40  | 
| 28 May 2014  19:57  | 
Soyuz-FG | Т15000-049 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-13M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 40/41  | 
| 25 September 2014  20:25  | 
Soyuz-FG | Т15000-050 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-14M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 41/42  | 
| 23 November 2014  21:01  | 
Soyuz-FG | T15000-051 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Soyuz TMA-15M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 42/43  | 
| 27 March 2015  19:42  | 
Soyuz-FG | G15000-053 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-16M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 43/44  | 
| 22 July 2015  21:03  | 
Soyuz-FG | G15000-052 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-17M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 44/45  | 
| 2 September 2015  04:38  | 
Soyuz-FG | G15000-054 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-18M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 45/46  | 
| 15 December 2015  11:03  | 
Soyuz-FG | G15000-055 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-19M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 46/47  | 
| 18 March 2016  21:26  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-057 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz TMA-20M | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 47/48  | 
| 7 July 2016  01:36  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-056 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-01 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 48/49  | 
| 19 October 2016  08:05  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-059 | Baikonur LC-31/6 | Success | Soyuz MS-02 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 49/50  | 
| 17 November 2016  20:20  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-060 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-03 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 50/51  | 
| 20 April 2017  07:13  | 
Soyuz-FG | U15000-065 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-04 | Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 51/52  | 
| 28 July 2017  15:40  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-058 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-05 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 52/53  | 
| 12 September 2017  21:17  | 
Soyuz-FG | U15000-063 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-06 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 53/54  | 
| 17 December 2017  07:21  | 
Soyuz-FG | R15000-061 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-07 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 54/55  | 
| 21 March 2018  17:44  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-066 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-08 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 55/56  | 
| 6 June 2018  11:12  | 
Soyuz-FG | U15000-064 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-09 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 56/57  | 
| 11 October 2018  08:40  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-062 | Gagarin's Start | Failure | Soyuz MS-10 | Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts  Planned for ISS Expedition 57 Aborted during ascent, crew landed safely.  | 
| 16 November 2018  18:14  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-068 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Progress MS-10 | ISS logistics | 
| 3 December 2018  11:31  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-067 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-11 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 57/58/59  | 
| 14 March 2019  19:14  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-070 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-12 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 59/60  | 
| 20 July 2019  16:28  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-069 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-13 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 60/61  | 
| 25 September 2019[10]  13:57:43  | 
Soyuz-FG | N15000-071 | Gagarin's Start | Success | Soyuz MS-15 | Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts  ISS Expedition 61/62 Last flight of Soyuz-FG variant, to be replaced by Soyuz-2 for future crewed missions.  | 
See also
    

References
    
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
 - McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
 
- "SOYUZ-FG Launch Vehicle". TsSKB-Progress. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
 - Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
 - Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG Fregat (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
 - "ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО (РОСКОСМОС)". www.federalspace.ru. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
 - Конструкция разгонного блока "Фрегат". NPO Lavochkin (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
 - "Системы управления ракет-носителей (Rus)".
 - Zak, Anatoly. "Soyuz-FG's long road to retirement". Russian Space Web. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
 - Berger, Eric (1 November 2018). "Dramatic footage of Soyuz accident shows rocket booster collision - For the second human launch in a row, there's a likely quality control issue". Ars Technica. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
 - "Soyuz FG". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
 - Источник: Россия отправит к МКС семь кораблей и модуль "Наука" в 2019 году [Russia plans to send seven missions to ISS in 2019 including Nauka module] (in Russian). Novosti kosmonavtiki. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
 
External links
    
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Soyuz (rocket). | 

