Amphidiscosida
Amphidiscosida is an order of hexactinellid sponges characterized by amphidisc spicules, that is, spicules having a stellate disk at each end.[2] They are in the class Hexactinellida and are the only order classified in the monotypic subclass Amphidiscophora.[3] Species of the order Amphidiscosida have existed since the Ordovician period, and still flourish today.[4]
| Amphidiscosida Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Specimen of Pheronema carpenteri on exhibit in Naturmuseum Senckenberg | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Porifera |
| Class: | Hexactinellida |
| Subclass: | Amphidiscophora Schulze, 1886 |
| Order: | Amphidiscosida Schrammen, 1924[1] |
| Families | |
| |
Families
- Hyalonematidae Gray, 1857[5]
- Monorhaphididae Ijima, 1927[6]
- Pheronematidae Gray, 1870[7]
References
- Schrammen, A. (1924). Die Kieselspongien der oberen Kreide von Nordwestdeutschland. Volume 3. Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger.
- "Amphidiscophora".
- "Search Results - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education". www.accessscience.com. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
- "Hexactinellida: Fossil Record".
- Gray, J. E. (1857). Synopsis of the families and genera of axiferous zoophytes or barked corals. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 25(1), 278–294.
- Ijima, I. (1927). The Hexactinellida of the Siboga Expedition. In Weber, M. (Ed.), Siboga-Expeditie (1–383). Leiden: E. J. Brill.
- Gray, J. E. (1870). Notes on anchoring sponges (in a letter to Mr. Moore). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, [4]6(34), 309–312.
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