Astraptes

Astraptes is the genus of flasher butterflies. They belong to the skipper butterfly subfamily Eudaminae, which was long included with the spread-winged skippers (Pyrginae) as a tribe. They are found in the Nearctic and Neotropical ecozones.

Astraptes and related genera depicted in Adalbert Seitz's Macrolepidoptera of the World

Flasher butterflies
Astraptes anaphus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Hesperiidae
Subfamily: Eudaminae
Genus: Astraptes
Hübner, [1819]
Species

Several, see text

Species include:

  • Astraptes alardus (Stoll, 1790) – frosted flasher – Mexico to Colombia, Brazil
  • Astraptes alector (C. & R. Felder, 1867) – Gilbert's flasher
  • Astraptes apastus (Cramer, [1777]) Guiana, Guyane, Brazil, Peru, Trinidad, Mexico
    • A. apastus apastus Suriname
    • A. apastus pusa Evans, 1952 Brazil (Bahia)
  • Astraptes aulus (Plötz, 1881) Panama to Brazil
  • Astraptes brevicauda (Plötz, 1886) Belize, Panama, Nicaragua, Peru
  • Astraptes cassander (Fabricius, 1793) Cuba, Costa Rica
  • Astraptes chiriquensis (Staudinger, 1876) Panama to Colombia
    • A. chiriquensis chiriquensis Mexico, Panama, Nicaragua
    • A. chiriquensis meretrix (Hewitson, 1876) Ecuador
    • A. chiriquensis oenander (Hewitson, 1876) Brazil (Pará)
    • A. chiriquensis erana Evans, 1952 Ecuador
  • Astraptes cretatus (Hayward, 1939)
    • A. cretatus cretatus Ecuador, Brazil (Amazonas)
    • A. cretatus adoba Evans, 1952 Brazil (Espírito Santo)
  • Astraptes creteus (Cramer, [1780]) Mexico to Amazon Brazil
    • A. creteus creteus Suriname
    • A. creteus siges (Mabille, 1903) Brazil
    • A. creteus crana Evans, 1952 south Mexico to Guatemala
    • A. creteus crilla Evans, 1952 Ecuador
    • A. creteus cyprus Evans, 1952 Bolivia
  • Astraptes egregius (Butler, 1870) – small-spotted flasher – Mexico to Colombia, Trinidad
    • A. egregius egregius
    • A. egregius coxeyi (Williams, 1931) Ecuador
  • Astraptes elorus (Hewitson, 1867) Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
  • Astraptes enotrus (Stoll, [1781]) Guiana, Guyane, Suriname, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Trinidad
  • Astraptes erycina (Plötz, 1881) Brazil
  • Astraptes fulgerator – two-barred flasher – south Texas, Mexico to Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, Trinidad
    • A. fulgerator fulgerator Suriname, Peru
    • A. fulgerator azul Reakirt, [1867]) Texas, Mexico, Bolivia
  • Astraptes fulgor Hayward, 1939) Argentina
  • Astraptes galesus (Mabille, 1888)
    • A. galesus galesus Peru, Ecuador
    • A. galesus cassius Evans, 1952 Costa Rica
  • Astraptes halesius (Hewitson, 1877) French Guiana, Peru
  • Astraptes jaira (Butler, 1870) West Indies, Jamaica
  • Astraptes janeira (Schaus, 1902) Brazil, Suriname, Colombia, Paraguay
  • Astraptes latimargo (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
    • A. latimargo latimargo Panama
    • A. latimargo bifascia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
    • A. latimargo tinda Evans, 1952 Brazil (Pará)
  • Astraptes mabillei Steinhauser, 1989 Bolivia
  • Astraptes megalurus (Mabille, 1877) Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia
  • Astraptes naxos (Hewitson, 1867) Brazil, Colombia
  • Astraptes palliolum (Druce, 1908) Costa Rica
  • Astraptes phalaecus (Godman & Salvin, [1893]) Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica
  • Astraptes talus (Cramer, [1777]) Central America to Brazil, Suriname, Cuba
  • Astraptes tucuti (Williams, 1927) Mexico, Panama
  • Astraptes xagua (Lucas, 1857)
    • A. xagua xagua Cuba
    • A. xagua christyis (Sharpe, 1898) Dominican Republic[1]

References
  1. "Astraptes". funet.fi.
  • Bell, E.L., 1956: Descriptions of some new species of neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). American Museum Novitates 1778: 1-13.
  • Brower, A.V.Z. 2006: Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Systematics and biodiversity, 4(2): 127–132.
  • Brower, A.V.Z. 2010: Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses. Systematics and biodiversity, 8(4): 485–491.
  • Hübner, 1819: Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 7: 103.pdf
  • Freeman, 1967: Three new species of Hesperiidae from Mexico. Journal of the Lepidopterists's Society 21: 115-119.
  • Freeman, H.A., 1969: Records, new species, and a new genus of Hesperiidae from Mexico (Supplement 2). The Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 23 (suppl. 2): 1-64.
  • Steinhauser, S.R., 1989: Taxonomic notes and descriptions of new taxa in the neotropical Hesperiidae. Part I. Pyrginae. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 127: 1-70.
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