Caesium nitrate
Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO3. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.
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3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.224 |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1451 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| CsNO3 | |
| Molar mass | 194.91 g/mol |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Density | 3.685 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 414 °C (777 °F; 687 K) |
| Boiling point | decomposes, see text |
| 9.16 g/100 ml (0 °C) 196.8 g/100 ml (100 °C) | |
| Solubility in acetone | soluble |
| Solubility in ethanol | slightly soluble |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Warning | |
| H272, H315, H319, H335 | |
| P210, P220, P221, P280, P370+P378, P501 | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
2390 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2] |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Caesium nitrite |
Other cations |
Lithium nitrate Sodium nitrate Potassium nitrate Rubidium nitrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters.[3] It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.
As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:
- 2 CsNO3 → 2 CsNO2 + O2
Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO3·HNO3 and CsNO3·2HNO3 (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).[1]
References
- Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-92. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
- http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/7789-18-6
- Budavari, Susan, ed. (2001), The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals (13th ed.), Merck, p. 345, ISBN 0911910131.
| HNO3 | He | ||||||||||||||||
| LiNO3 | Be(NO3)2 | B(NO 3)− 4 |
RONO2 | NO− 3 NH4NO3 |
HOONO2 | FNO3 | Ne | ||||||||||
| NaNO3 | Mg(NO3)2 | Al(NO3)3 | Si | P | S | ClONO2 | Ar | ||||||||||
| KNO3 | Ca(NO3)2 | Sc(NO3)3 | Ti(NO3)4 | VO(NO3)3 | Cr(NO3)3 | Mn(NO3)2 | Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 |
Co(NO3)2 Co(NO3)3 |
Ni(NO3)2 | CuNO3 Cu(NO3)2 |
Zn(NO3)2 | Ga(NO3)3 | Ge | As | Se | BrNO3 | Kr |
| RbNO3 | Sr(NO3)2 | Y(NO3)3 | Zr(NO3)4 | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru(NO3)3 | Rh(NO3)3 | Pd(NO3)2 Pd(NO3)4 |
AgNO3 Ag(NO3)2 |
Cd(NO3)2 | In(NO3)3 | Sn(NO3)4 | Sb(NO3)3 | Te | INO3 | Xe(NO3)2 |
| CsNO3 | Ba(NO3)2 | Hf(NO3)4 | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt(NO3)2 Pt(NO3)4 |
Au(NO3)3 | Hg2(NO3)2 Hg(NO3)2 |
TlNO3 Tl(NO3)3 |
Pb(NO3)2 | Bi(NO3)3 BiO(NO3) |
Po(NO3)4 | At | Rn | |
| FrNO3 | Ra(NO3)2 | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La(NO3)3 | Ce(NO3)3 Ce(NO3)4 |
Pr(NO3)3 | Nd(NO3)3 | Pm(NO3)3 | Sm(NO3)3 | Eu(NO3)3 | Gd(NO3)3 | Tb(NO3)3 | Dy(NO3)3 | Ho(NO3)3 | Er(NO3)3 | Tm(NO3)3 | Yb(NO3)3 | Lu(NO3)3 | |||
| Ac(NO3)3 | Th(NO3)4 | PaO2(NO3)3 | UO2(NO3)2 | Np(NO3)4 | Pu(NO3)4 | Am(NO3)3 | Cm(NO3)3 | Bk(NO3)3 | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
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