Calucones
The Calucones were a Gallic or Rhaetian tribe dwelling around present-day Chur (eastern Switzerland) during the Roman period.
Name
They are mentioned as Calucones (var. Callucones, Allucones) by Pliny (1st c. AD),[1] and as kaloúkōnes (καλούκωνες; var. καλούκονες, κουλούκωνες) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).[2][3]
The etymology of the name remains debated. It could go back to a Celtic form calo-uco-on-, derived from the root calo- ('call').[3]
An homonym tribe, the Kaloukones, lived further north, near the Germanic Suebi.[3]
Geography
The Calucones probably dwelled around present-day Chur (Curia), in the Canton of Grisons.[4][5]
Their territory was located north of the Suanetes and Rugusci, west of the Focunates and Venostes, south of the Vennones.[6]
History
They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.[1][5]
References
- Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:20.
- Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:12:2.
- Falileyev 2010, s.v. Calucones.
- Pauli 1980, pp. 54–55.
- Frei-Stolba 2003.
- Talbert 2000, Map 19: Raetia.
Primary sources
Bibliography
- Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
- Frei-Stolba, Regula (2003). "Calucones". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz. 024607/2003-07-14.
{{cite journal}}: External link in|postscript= - Pauli, Ludwig (1980). Die Alpen in Frühzeit und Mittelalter: die archäologische Entdeckung einer Kulturlandschaft. Beck. ISBN 978-3-406-07598-8.
- Talbert, Richard J. A. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691031699.
