Chlorotrifluoromethane

Chlorotrifluoromethane, R-13, CFC-13, or Freon 13, is a non-flammable, non-corrosive chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and also a mixed halomethane. It is a man-made substance used primarily as a refrigerant. When released into the environment, CFC-13 has a high ozone depletion potential, high global warming potential, and long atmospheric lifetime.[2]

Chlorotrifluoromethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Chloro(trifluoro)methane
Other names
Chlorotrifluoromethane
Monochlorotrifluoromethane
Trifluorochloromethane
Trifluoromethyl chloride
Trifluoromonochlorocarbon
Arcton 3
Freon 13
Genetron 13
R-13
CFC 13
UN 1022
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.814
EC Number
  • 200-894-4
RTECS number
  • PA6410000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CClF3/c2-1(3,4)5 Y
    Key: AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/CClF3/c2-1(3,4)5
    Key: AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYAV
  • ClC(F)(F)F
Properties
CClF3
Molar mass 104.46 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas with sweet odor
Density 1.526 g/cm3
Melting point −181 °C (−293.8 °F; 92.1 K)
Boiling point −81.5 °C (−114.7 °F; 191.7 K)
0.009% at 25 °C (77 °F)
Vapor pressure 3.263 MPa at 21 °C (70 °F)
Thermal conductivity 0.01217 W m−1 K−1 (300 K)[1]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Ozone depletor and asphyxiant
Flash point Non-flammable
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0420
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Preparation

It can be prepared by reacting carbon tetrachloride with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalytic amount of antimony pentachloride:

CCl4 + 3HF → CClF3 + 3HCl

This reaction can also produce trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F), dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2) and tetrafluoromethane (CF4).[3]

Production phaseout

Per the international Montreal Protocol, CFC-13 began a phase out and replacement with alternative substances starting in the early 1990s that will culminate in a global ban on its production. The atmospheric abundance of CFC-13 rose from 3.0 parts per trillion (ppt) in year 2010 to 3.3 ppt in year 2020 based on analysis of air samples gathered from sites around the world.[4]

Physical properties
Property Value
Density (ρ) at -127.8 °C (liquid) 1.603 g⋅cm−3
Density (ρ) at boiling point (gas) 6.94 kg⋅m−3
Density (ρ) at 15 °C (gas) 4.41 g⋅cm−3
Triple point temperature (Tt)
Critical temperature (Tc) 28.8 °C (302 K)
Critical pressure (pc) 3.86 MPa (38.6 bar)
Critical density (ρc) 5.5 mol⋅L−1
Latent heat of vaporization at boiling point 149.85 kJ⋅kg−1
Specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) at -34.4 °C 0.06 kJ⋅mol−1⋅K−1
Specific heat capacity at constant volume (CV) at -34.4 °C 0.051 kJ⋅mol−1⋅K−1
Heat capacity ratio (к) at -34.4 °C 1.168016
Compressibility Factor (Z) at 15 °C 0.9896
Acentric factor (ω) 0.17166
Viscosity (η) at 0 °C (gas) 13.3 mPa⋅s (0.0133 cP)
Viscosity (η) at 25 °C (gas) 14.1 mPa⋅s (0.01440 cP)
Ozone depletion potential (ODP) 1[5] (CCl3F = 1)
Global warming potential (GWP) 14,000[6] (CO2 = 1)
Atmospheric lifetime 640 years[6]

See also

References
  1. Touloukian, Y.S., Liley, P.E., and Saxena, S.C. Thermophysical properties of matter - the TPRC data series. Volume 3. Thermal conductivity - nonmetallic liquids and gases. Data book. 1970.
  2. Siegemund, Günter; Schwertfeger, Werner; Feiring, Andrew; Smart, Bruce; Behr, Fred; Vogel, Herward; McKusick, Blaine (2002). "Fluorine Compounds, Organic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349.
  3. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  4. "AGAGE Data and Figures". Massachusettes Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
  5. "Class I Ozone-depleting Substances". Science - Ozone Layer Protection. US EPA. 2007. Archived from the original on 2010-12-10. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  6. "Chapter 8". AR5 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. p. 731.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.