Circaetus

Circaetus
	Short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Accipitriformes
Family:	Accipitridae
Subfamily:	Circaetinae
Genus:	Circaetus; Vieillot, 1816

Circaetus, the snake eagles, is a genus of medium-sized eagles in the bird of prey family Accipitridae. The genus name is from the Ancient Greek kirkos, a type of hawk, and aetos, "eagle".[1]

These are mainly resident African species, but the migratory short-toed snake eagle breeds from the Mediterranean basin into Russia, the Middle East and India, and winters in sub-Saharan Africa and east to Indonesia.

Snake eagles are found in open habitats like cultivated plains arid savanna, but require trees in which to build a stick nest. The single egg is incubated mainly or entirely by the female.

Circaetus eagles have a rounded head and broad wings. They prey on reptiles, mainly snakes, but also take lizards and occasionally small mammals.

Species in taxonomic order

Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
Circaetus gallicus	Short-toed snake eagle	the Mediterranean basin, into Russia and the Middle East, and parts of Asia
Circaetus pectoralis - sometimes included in C. gallicus	Black-chested snake eagle	southern Africa from Ethiopia and Sudan in the north to South Africa in the south and Angola in the southwest
Circaetus beaudouini - sometimes included in C. gallicus	Beaudouin's snake eagle	Guinea-Bissau, Senegal and Gambia through southern Mali and Burkina Faso, Niger, northern Nigeria and Cameroon, southern Chad, Central African Republic and South Sudan.
Circaetus cinereus	Brown snake eagle	West, East and southern Africa
Circaetus fasciolatus	Southern banded snake eagle or fasciated snake eagle	eastern Sub-Saharan Africa.
Circaetus cinerascens	Western banded snake eagle	Africa in the northern tropics from Senegal and Gambia east through to Ethiopia and then south to southern Angola and Zimbabwe
Circaetus spectabilis	Congo serpent eagle	southern Sierra Leone and Guinea, Liberia, and southern Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana

Fossil record

Circaetus rhodopensis (late Miocene of Bulgaria)[2]

Circaetus haemusensis (early Pleistocene of Bulgaria)[3]

References

Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Boev, Z. 2012. Circaetus rhodopensis sp. n. (Aves, Accipitriformes) from the Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo (SW Bulgaria). - Acta zoologica bulgarica, 64 (1): 5-12.
Boev, Z. 2015. An Early Pleistocene Snake-eagle (Circaetus haemusensis sp. n. - Aves, Accipitriformes) from Varshets (NW Bulgaria). – Acta zoologica bulgarica. 67 (1), 2015: 127-138.

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[Jobling-1] Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[2] Boev, Z. 2012. Circaetus rhodopensis sp. n. (Aves, Accipitriformes) from the Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo (SW Bulgaria). - Acta zoologica bulgarica, 64 (1): 5-12.

[3] Boev, Z. 2015. An Early Pleistocene Snake-eagle (Circaetus haemusensis sp. n. - Aves, Accipitriformes) from Varshets (NW Bulgaria). – Acta zoologica bulgarica. 67 (1), 2015: 127-138.