Comparative army officer ranks of Europe
Rank comparison chart of all armies and land forces of European states.
Officers (OF 1–10)
    
| Rank group | General/flag officers | Field/senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  Albanian Land Force[1] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gjeneral lejtant | Gjeneral major | Gjeneral brigade | Kolonel | Nënkolonel | Major | Kapiten | Toger | Nëntoger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| .svg.png.webp) Austrian Land Forces[2] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalleutnant | Generalmajor | Brigadier | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Hauptmann | Oberleutnant | Leutnant | Fähnrich | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Belarusian Ground Forces[3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ґенэрал-палкоўнік G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik | Ґенэрал-лейтэнант G̀jeneral-liejtenant | Ґенэрал-маёр G̀jeneral-major | Палкоўнік Palkoŭnik | Падпалкоўнік Padpalkoŭnik | Маёр Major | Капітан Kapitan | Старшы лейтэнант Staršy liejtenant | Лейтэнант Liejtenant | Малодшы лейтэнант Malodšy liejtenant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Belgian Land Component[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | .png.webp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generaal | Luitenant-generaal | Generaal-majoor | Brigadegeneraal | Kolonel | Luitenant-kolonel | Majoor | Kapitein-commandant | Kapitein | Luitenant | Onderluitenant | Aspirant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Général | Lieutenant général | Général-major | Général de Brigade | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Major | Capitaine-commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous-lieutenant | Aspirant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalleutnant | Generalmajor | Brigadegeneral | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Stabshauptmann | Hauptmann | Leutnant | Unterleutnant | Aspirant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Bosnian Ground Forces[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General pukovnik | General major | Brigadni general | Brigadir | Pukovnik | Major | Kapetan | Poručnik | Podporučnik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Bulgarian Land Forces[6] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал General | Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant | Генерал-майор General-mayor | Бригаден генерал Brigaden general | Полковник Polkovnik | Подполковник Podpolkovnik | Майор Mayor | Капитан Kapitan | Старши лейтенант Starshi leytenant | Лейтенант Leytenant | Офицерски кандидат Ofitserski kandidat | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Croatian Army[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stožerni general | General zbora | General pukovnik | General bojnik | Brigadni general | Brigadir | Pukovnik | Bojnik | Satnik | Natporučnik | Poručnik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Cypriot Ground Forces[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Αντιστράτηγος Antistrátigos | Υποστράτηγος Ypostrátigos | Ταξίαρχος Taxíarchos | Συνταγματάρχης Syntagmatárchis | Αντισυνταγματάρχης Antisyntagmatárchis | Ταγματάρχης Tagmatárchis | Λοχαγός Lochagós | Υπολοχαγός Ypolochagós | Ανθυπολοχαγός Anthypolochagós | Δόκιμος Έφεδρος Αξιωματικός Dókimos Éfedros Axiomatikós | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Northern Cypriot Security Forces Command |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | _KKTC_Aste%C4%9Fmen.png.webp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Major general Tümgeneral | Brigadier general Tuğgeneral | Colonel Albay | Lieutenant Colonel Yarbay | Major Binbaşı | Captain Yüzbaşı | First Lieutenant Üsteğmen | Second Lieutenant Teğmen | Aspirant Asteğmen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Czech Land Forces[9] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Armádní generál | Generálporučík | Generálmajor | Brigádní generál | Plukovník | Podplukovník | Major | Kapitán | Nadporučík | Poručík | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| .svg.png.webp) Royal Danish Army[10] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | -M11.svg.png.webp) |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalløjtnant | Generalmajor | Brigadegeneral | Oberst | Oberstløjtnant | Major | Kaptajn | Premierløjtnant | Løjtnant | Sekondløjtnant | Sergent (Officerselev) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Estonian Land Forces[11] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kindral | Kindralleitnant | Kindralmajor | Brigaadikindral | Kolonel | Kolonelleitnant | Major | Kapten | Leitnant | Nooremleitnant | Lipnik | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Finnish Army[12] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kenraali General | Kenraaliluutnantti Generallöjtnant | Kenraalimajuri Generalmajor | Prikaatikenraali Brigadgeneral | Eversti Överste | Everstiluutnantti Överstelöjtnant | Majuri Major | Kapteeni Kapten | Yliluutnantti Premiärlöjtnant | Luutnantti Löjtnant | Vänrikki Fänrik | Upseerikokelas Officersaspirant | Upseerioppilas Officerselev | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  French Army[13] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maréchal de France | Général d'armée | Général de corps d'armée | Général de division | Général de brigade | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous-Lieutenant | Aspirant | Élève-officier | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Georgian Land Forces[14] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| გენერალი Generali | გენერალ ლეიტენანტი General leit’enant’i | გენერალ-მაიორი General-maiori | ბრიგადის გენერალი Brigadis generali | პოლკოვნიკი P’olk’ovnik’i | ვიცე-პოლკოვნიკი Vitse-p’olk’ovnik’i | მაიორი Maiori | კაპიტანი K’ap’it’ani | უფროსი ლეიტენანტი Uprosi leit’enant’i | ლეიტენანტი Leit’enant’i | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  German Army[15] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Enlisted rank plus bottom thin silver cord indicating cadet's career | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalleutnant | Generalmajor | Brigadegeneral | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Stabshauptmann | Hauptmann | Oberleutnant | Leutnant | Oberfähnrich | Fähnrich | Fahnenjunker | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Hellenic Army[16] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Στρατηγός Stratigos | Αντιστράτηγος Antistratigos | Υποστράτηγος Ypostratigos | Ταξίαρχος Taxiarchos | Συνταγματάρχης Syntagmatarchis | Αντισυνταγματάρχης Antisyntagmatarchis | Ταγματάρχης Tagmatarchis | Λοχαγός Lochagos | Υπολοχαγός Ypolochagos | Ανθυπολοχαγός Anthypolochagos | Δόκιμος Έφεδρος Αξιωματικός Dokimos efedros aksiomatikos | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General/flag officers | Field/senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Hungarian Ground Forces[17] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No insignia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vezérezredes | Altábornagy | Vezérőrnagy | Dandártábornok | Ezredes | Alezredes | Őrnagy | Százados | Főhadnagy | Hadnagy | Honvédtisztjelölt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Iceland Crisis Response Unit |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ofursti | Undirofursti | Majór | Höfuðsmaður | Liðsforingi | Undirliðsforingi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Irish Army[18][19] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lieutenant-general Lefteanant-ghinearál | Major-general Maor-ghinearál | Brigadier-general Briogáidire-ghinearál | Colonel Cornal | Lieutenant-colonel Lefteanant-chornal | Commandant Ceannfort | Captain Captaen | Lieutenant Lefteanant | Second-Lieutenant Dara-lefteanant | Senior officer cadet Dalta oifigeach sinsearch | Junior officer cadet Dalta oifigeach sóisearach | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Italian Army[20] | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generale | Generale di Corpo d'Armata con Incarichi Speciali | Generale di Corpo d'Armata (Tenente Generale) | Generale di Divisione (Maggior Generale) | Generale di Brigata (Brigadier Generale) | Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Primo capitano | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | Allievo Ufficiale | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Kosovo Security Force[21] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gjeneral lejtnant | Gjeneral major | Gjeneral brigade | Kolonel | Nën kolonel | Major | Kapiten | Toger | Nën toger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Latvian Land Forces[22] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ģenerālleitnants | Ģenerālmajors | Brigādes ģenerālis | Pulkvedis | Pulkvežleitnants | Majors | Kapteinis | Virsleitnants | Leitnants | Kadets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Liechtenstein | No army | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Lithuanian Land Force[23] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generolas leitenantas | Generolas majoras | Brigados generolas | Pulkininkas | Pulkininkas leitenantas | Majoras | Kapitonas | Vyresnysis leitenantas | Leitenantas | Kariūnas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Luxembourg Army[24] |  |  |  |  |  |  | .svg.png.webp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Major | Capitaine | Lieutenant en premier | Lieutenant | Aspirant-officier | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  North Macedonian Ground Forces[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал General | Генерал потполковник General potpolkovnik | Генерал мајор General major | Бригаден генерал Brigaden general | Полковник Polkovnik | Потполковник Potpolkovnik | Мајор Major | Капетан Kapetan | Поручник Poručnik | Потпоручник Potporučnik | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Army of Malta[26] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brigadier Brigadier | Colonel Kurunell | Lieutenant colonel Logutenent kurunell | Major Maġġur | Captain Kaptan | Lieutenant Logutenent | Second lieutenant Sekond logutenent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Moldovan Ground Forces[27] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General de corp de armată | General de divizie | General de brigadă | Colonel | Locotenent-colonel | Maior | Căpitan | Locotenent-major | Locotenent | Cursant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Army of Monaco |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | .svg.png.webp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commandant en chef | Colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Commandant | Capitaine | Lieutenant | Sous lieutenant | Assistant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Montenegrin Ground Army[28] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General pukovnik | General potpukovnik | General major | Brigadir general | Pukovnik | Potpukovnik | Major | Kapetan | Poručnik | Potporučnik | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Royal Netherlands Army[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Enlisted or NCO rank plus Royal Military Academy logo indicating cadet's career | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generaal | Luitenant-generaal | Generaal-majoor | Brigadegeneraal | Kolonel | Luitenant-kolonel | Majoor | Kapitein/ Ritmeester | 1e Luitenant | 2e Luitenant | Vaandrig/ Kornet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Norwegian Army[30] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalløytnant | Generalmajor | Brigader | Oberst | Oberstløytnant | Major | Kaptein/ Rittmester | Løytnant | Fenrik | Kadett | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Polish Land Forces[31] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Various | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marszałek Polski | Generał | Generał broni | Generał dywizji | Generał brygady | Pułkownik | Podpułkownik | Major | Kapitan | Porucznik | Podporucznik | Podchorąży | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General/flag officers | Field/senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Portuguese Army[32] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marechal do exército | General | Tenente-general | Major-general | Brigadeiro-general | Coronel-tirocinado [lower-alpha 1] | Coronel | Tenente-coronel | Major | Capitão | Tenente | Alferes | Aspirante-a-oficial | Cadete | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| .svg.png.webp) Romanian Land Forces[33] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mareșal | General | General-locotenent | General-maior | General de brigadă | Colonel | Locotenent-colonel | Maior | Căpitan | Locotenent | Sublocotenent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Russian Ground Forces[34] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | -2010.svg.png.webp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ма́ршал росси́йской федера́ции Márshal rossíyskoy federátsii | Генера́л а́рмии Generál ármii | Генера́л-полко́вник Generál-polkóvnik | Генера́л-лейтена́нт Generál-leytenánt | Генера́л-майо́р Generál-mayór | Полко́вник Polkóvnik | Подполко́вник Podpolkóvnik | Майо́р Majór | Kапита́н Kapitán | Старший лейтена́нт Stárshiy leytenánt | Лейтенант Leytenant | Mла́дший лейтена́нт Mládshiy leytenánt | Курсант Kursant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Sammarinese Guard of the Rock |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Serbian Army[35] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал General | Генерал-Потпуковник General-potpukovnik | Генерал-Мајор General-major | Бригадни Генерал Brigadni general | Пуковник Pukovnik | Потпуковник Potpukovnik | Мајор Major | Капетан Kapetan | Поручник Poručnik | Потпоручник Potporučnik | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Slovak Ground Forces[36] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Generál | Generálporučík[lower-alpha 2] | Generálmajor | Brigádny generál | Plukovník | Podplukovník | Major | Kapitán | Nadporučík | Poručík | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Slovenian Ground Force[37] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generalpodpolkovnik | Generalmajor | Brigadir | Polkovnik | Podpolkovnik | Major | Stotnik | Nadporočnik | Poročnik | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Spanish Army[38] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitán general | General de ejército | Teniente general | General de división | General de brigada | Coronel | Teniente coronel | Comandante | Capitán | Teniente | Alférez | Caballero alférez cadete | Alumno repetidor | Alumno 2º | Alumno 1º | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Swedish Army[39] | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | _(M1987).svg.png.webp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Generallöjtnant | Generalmajor | Brigadgeneral | Överste | Överstelöjtnant | Major | Kapten | Löjtnant | Fänrik | Kadett | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Swiss Army[40] |  General[1] |  Corps General |  Division General |  Brigade General |  Colonel |  Lieutenant Colonel |  Major |  Captain |  First Lieutenant |  Lieutenant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General | Korpskommandant | Divisionär | Brigadier | Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Hauptmann | Oberleutnant | Leutnant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Général | Commandant de corps | Divisionnaire | Brigadier | Colonel | Lieutenant-colonel | Major | Capitaine | Premier-lieutenant | Lieutenant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Turkish Land Forces[41] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Various [lower-alpha 3] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mareşal | Genelkurmay başkanı | Orgeneral | Korgeneral | Tümgeneral | Tuğgeneral | Albay | Yarbay | Binbaşı | Yüzbaşı | Üsteğmen | Teğmen | Asteğmen | Harbiyeli | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Ukrainian Ground Forces[42] | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) | .svg.png.webp) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Генерал Heneral | Генерал-лейтенант Heneral-leitenant | Генерал-майор Heneral-maior | Бригадний генерал Bryhadnyi heneral | Полковник Polkovnyk | Підполковник Pidpolkovnyk | Майор Maior | Капітан Kapitan | Старший лейтенант Starshyi leitenant | Лейтенант Leitenant | Молодший лейтенант Molodshyi leitenant | Kурсант Kursant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  British Army[43] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | .svg.png.webp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Field marshal | General | Lieutenant-general | Major-general | Brigadier | Colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Major | Captain | Lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Officer cadet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|  Pontifical Swiss Guard[44] | _Pontifical_Swiss_Guard.svg.png.webp) | _Pontifical_Swiss_Guard.svg.png.webp) | _Pontifical_Swiss_Guard.svg.png.webp) | _Pontifical_Swiss_Guard.svg.png.webp) | _Pontifical_Swiss_Guard.svg.png.webp) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oberst | Oberstleutnant | Major | Hauptmann | Leutnant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General/flag officers | Field/senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remark:
NATO STANAG 2116 lists Officer Designates (listed here as OF(D)) of some countries alongside OF-1 ranks.
See also
    
    
Notes
    
- Colonel who has completed the General Officer training course. Between 1929 and 1937, the Coronel-tirocinado was called Brigadeiro.
- The appropriate branch of service badge is pinned just under the top button of the for all ranks excluding full General.
- Student officer insignia designates school grade rather than military seniority.
References
    
- STANAG 2116 NATO chart
- "GRADAT, FORCA TOKËSORE" (PDF). aaf.mil.al (in Albanian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- "Dienstgrade". bundesheer.at (in German). Federal Ministry of Defence (Austria). Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- "Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 21.07.2009 N 388 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия по воинским званиям и внесении дополнений в Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 9 июня 2006 г. N 383"". pravo.levonevsky.org/ (in Russian). Government of Belarus. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "IPR Landcomponent". mil.be (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 February 2005. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
- "OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH". os.mod.gov.ba (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
- "ЗАКОН ЗА ОТБРАНАТА И ВЪОРЪЖЕНИТЕ СИЛИ НА РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ". lex.bg (in Bulgarian). Глава седма. ВОЕННА СЛУЖБА. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Βαθμοί" [Ranks]. army.gov.cy (in Greek). Cypriot National Guard. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Ranks". army.cz. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Hærens Gradstegn" (PDF). forsvaret.dk (in Danish). Danish Defence. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Sümboolika: Maaväe Auastmed". mil.ee (in Estonian). Estonian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Sotilasarvot Puolustusvoimissa". puolustusvoimat.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- Instruction N° 10300/DEF/EMAT/LOG/ASH (PDF) (in French). Staff of the French Army. 13 June 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "სამხედრო წოდებები და ინსიგნიები" [Military Ranks and Insignia]. mod.gov.ge (in Georgian). Ministry of Defense of Georgia. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- "Dienstgradabzeichen Heer". bundeswehr.de (in German). Bundeswehr. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Επωμίδες Φ/Π Στολών" [Shoulders for PV Uniforms]. army.gr (in Greek). Hellenic Army. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- Andrea, Kánya (6 May 2009). "A gallér és az ötágú csillag". honvedelem.hu (in Hungarian). Hungarian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Army Rank Markings". military.ie. Defence Forces (Ireland). Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Irish Military Insignia". irishmilitaryinsignia.com. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007.
- "i gradi dell'Esercito Italiano - distintivi di incarico e funzionali" (PDF). esercito.difesa.it (in Italian). Italian Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 August 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Emblems and Ranks". mod.rks-gov.net. Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Pakāpju iedalījums". mil.lv/lv (in Latvian). Latvian National Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Karių laipsnių ženklai". kariuomene.kam.lt (in Lithuanian). Ministry of National Defence (Lithuania). Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Grades". Armee.lu. Luxembourg Army. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
- "УРЕДБА ЗА ОЗНАКИТЕ ЗА УНИФОРМИТЕ НА АРМИЈАТА НА РЕПУБЛИКА СЕВЕРНА МАКЕДОНИЈА" [Regulation on the Markings for the Uniforms of the Army of the Republic Northern of Macedonia]. dejure.mk (in Macedonian). 12 November 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- "Rank Insignia". afm.gov.mt. Armed Forces of Malta. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Epoleţi". army.md (in Romanian). Ministry of Defense. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci". Official Gazette of Montenegro (in Montenegrin). 50/10: 22–28. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
- "De rangonderscheidingstekens van de krijgsmacht" (PDF) (in Dutch). Ministry of Defence (Netherlands). 19 December 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- "Militære grader". forsvaret.no (in Norwegian). Norwegian Armed Forces. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych" (PDF). wojsko-polskie.pl (in Polish). Armed Forces Support Inspectorate. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- "POSTOS E DISTINTIVOS EXÉRCITO". antigo.mdn.gov.pt (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 1 March 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Grade militare (Military ranks)". defense.ro (in Romanian). Romanian Defence Staff. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
- "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 11 марта 2010 года № 293 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия военнослужащих и ведомственных знаках отличия"". rg.ru (in Russian). Российской газеты. 12 March 2010. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "ЧИНОВИ У ВОЈСЦИ СРБИЈЕ". vs.rs (in Serbian). Serbian Armed Forces. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- "Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016" [Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016]. vhu.sk (in Slovak). Military History Institute. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
- "Čini in razredi". slovenskavojska.si (in Slovenian). Slovenian Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Army Ranks & Insignia". ejercito.defensa.gob.es. Ministry of Defence (Spain). Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Nya gradbeteckningar införs". Försvarsmakten. 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2019-10-02.
- "Gradabzeichen und Farben der Achselschlaufen". vtg.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Army. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- "Kara Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı Rütbe ve İşaretleri". Official army (in Turkish). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
- "НАКАЗ 20.11.2017 № 606". zakon.rada.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. 13 December 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
- "Rank structure". army.mod.uk. British Army. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- "Päpstliche Schweizergarde: Gradabzeichen" (PDF). schweizergarde.ch (in German). Pontifical Swiss Guard. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.