Gamochaeta
Gamochaeta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.[4] There has not always been agreement among botanists regarding its status as a recognized genus, but it has become more accepted in recent years.[5][6] It currently includes many plants that previously belonged in genus Gnaphalium. Like many species of Gnaphalium, many Gamochaeta are called cudweeds or everlastings.
| Gamochaeta | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Gamochaeta calviceps | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
| Tribe: | Gnaphalieae |
| Genus: | Gamochaeta Wedd. |
| Type species | |
| Gamochaeta americana[1][2] | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Gamochaeta are native to North and South America, with one species endemic to Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic.[6][7] Some species are found in other regions as introduced species outside of their native ranges, and sometimes as invasive noxious weeds.[6][8]
Plants of this genus have "relatively small heads in spiciform (spike-like) arrays, concave post-fruiting receptacles, truncate collecting appendages of style branches in bisexual florets, relatively small cypselae (fruits) with minute, mucilage-producing papilliform hairs on the faces, and pappus bristles basally connate (joined) in smooth rings and released as single units."[6]
- Gamochaeta aliena – Chile
- Gamochaeta ambatensis – Catamarca
- Gamochaeta americana – lechuguilla, palomita, American everlasting – South America, Mesoamerica, West Indies
- Gamochaeta andina – Chile
- Gamochaeta antarctica – Antarctic cudweed – Tierra del Fuego, Falkland Islands
- Gamochaeta antillana – southeastern US
- Gamochaeta argentina – Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay, northeastern Argentina
- Gamochaeta argyrinea – silvery cudweed – California, southeastern United States
- Gamochaeta axillaris – Chile
- Gamochaeta badillana – Venezuela
- Gamochaeta beckii[13] – Bolivia
- Gamochaeta berteroana – Chile
- Gamochaeta boliviensis – Bolivia
- Gamochaeta calviceps – southeastern US
- Gamochaeta camaquaensis – Rio Grande do Sul
- Gamochaeta chamissonis – Chile, Argentina, Juan Fernández Islands
- Gamochaeta chilensis – Chile
- Gamochaeta chionesthes – white-cloaked cudweed – southeastern United States
- Gamochaeta coarctata – South America
- Gamochaeta depilata – Neuquén, Chile
- Gamochaeta deserticola – Tarapaca, Salta, Jujuy
- Gamochaeta diffusa – Neuquén, Chile
- Gamochaeta erecta – Rio Grande do Sul
- Gamochaeta girardiana – Rio Grande do Sul
- Gamochaeta grazielae – Rio de Janeiro
- Gamochaeta hiemalis – Southern Brazil
- Gamochaeta humilis – Antofagasta, Peru, Bolivia
- Gamochaeta irazuensis – Costa Rica
- Gamochaeta longipedicellata – Jujuy
- Gamochaeta lulioana – Peru, Bolivia
- Gamochaeta malvinensis – Tierra del Fuego, Falkland Islands
- Gamochaeta meridensis – Venezuela
- Gamochaeta monticola – Neuquén, Chile, Bolivia
- Gamochaeta neuquensis – Neuquén, Rio Negro, central + southern Chile
- Gamochaeta nigrevestis – southeastern Brazil
- Gamochaeta nivalis – Chile, Argentina
- Gamochaeta oligantha – Santiago, Valparaíso
- Gamochaeta oreophila – Peru
- Gamochaeta pensylvanica – Mesoamerica
- Gamochaeta platensis – Uruguay, northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil
- Gamochaeta polybotrya – Chile, Argentina
- Gamochaeta procumbens – central Chile
- Gamochaeta purpurea – North America
- Gamochaeta rizzinii – Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul
- Gamochaeta rosacea – Durango, San Luis Potosi
- Gamochaeta serpyllifolia – Chile, Argentina
- Gamochaeta simplicicaulis – simple-stem cudweed – South America; naturalized in New Zealand + southeastern United States
- Gamochaeta sphacelata – South America, Mexico, Texas
- Gamochaeta spiciformis – Chile, Argentina
- Gamochaeta stachydifolia – Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Juan Fernández Islands
- Gamochaeta stagnalis – desert cudweed – Mexico, Guatemala, United States (California Arizona New Mexico)
- Gamochaeta suffruticosa – Coquimbo
- Gamochaeta thouarsii – Tristan da Cunha
- Gamochaeta ustulata – Pacific Coast of US + Canada
- Gamochaeta valparadisea – Valparaíso
- Gamochaeta villarroelii – Santiago
References
- lectotype designated by Cabrera, A. L. 1961. Observaciones sobre las Inuleae-Gnaphalineae (Compositae) de América del Sur. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 9: 362.
- Tropicos, Gamochaeta Wedd.
- Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
- Weddell, Hugh Algernon. 1855. Chloris andina :essai d'une flore de la région alpine des Cordillères de l'Amérique du Sud 1(4–6): 151–154 short descriptions in Latin, longer descriptions and commentary in French
- Nesom, G. L. 1990. The taxonomic status of Gamochaeta (Asteraceae: Inuleae) and the species of the United States. Phytologia 68: 186–198.
- Gamochaeta. Flora of North America.
- Evenhuis, N. L. and L. G. Eldredge, Eds. (2012). Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2011. Part II: Plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 113.
- Flora of China Vol. 20–21 Page 776 合冠鼠麴草属 he guan shu qu cao shu GamochaetaWeddell, Chlor. Andina. 1: 151. 1856.
- Gamochaeta. The Plant List.
- Gamochaeta. Germplasm Resources Information Network.
- Gamochaeta. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
- Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
- Freire, S. E. and E. Urtubey. (2013). Gamochaeta beckii (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae): A new species from Bolivia. Systematic Botany 38(1):259–265.
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