Hippolytidae

Hippolytidae is a family of cleaner shrimp, also known as broken-back shrimp or anemone shrimp. The term "broken-back shrimp" also applies to the genus Hippolyte in particular and "cleaner shrimp" is sometimes applied exclusively to Lysmata amboinensis.

Hippolytidae
Lysmata amboinensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Infraorder: Caridea
Superfamily: Alpheoidea
Family: Hippolytidae
Spence Bate, 1888[1]

Taxonomy

As of 2009, there were 36 genera in the family:[2]

  • Alcyonohippolyte Marin, Okuno & Chan, 2011
  • Alope White, 1847
  • Bathyhippolyte Hayashi & Miyake, 1970
  • Birulia Bražnikov, 1903
  • Calliasmata Holthuis, 1973
  • Caridion Goës, 1864
  • Chorismus Bate, 1888
  • Cryptocheles Sars, 1870
  • Eualus Thallwitz, 1892
  • Eumanningia Crosnier, 2000
  • Exhippolysmata Stebbing, 1915
  • Gelastocaris Kemp, 1914
  • Gelastreutes Bruce, 1990
  • Hippolyte Leach, 1814
  • Leontocaris Stebbing, 1905
  • Lysmata Risso, 1816
  • Merhippolyte Bate, 1888
  • Mimocaris Nobili, 1903
  • Nauticaris Bate, 1888
  • Paralatreutes Kemp, 1925
  • Paralebbeus Bruce & Chace, 1986
  • Phycocaris Kemp, 1916
  • Thinora Bruce, 1998
  • Thorella Bruce, 1982
  • Tozeuma Stimpson, 1860

Morphological and genetic studies have recovered the Hippolytidae as polyphyletic, prompting the recognition of Bythocariidae, Lysmatidae, Merguiidae, and Thoridae.[3][4] As of 2019, the following genera are included in Hippolytidae sensu stricto in the World Register of Marine Species:[5]

  • Alope White, 1847
  • Caridion Goës, 1864
  • Chorismus Spence Bate, 1888 1888
  • Eumanningia Crosnier, 2000
  • Gelastocaris Kemp, 1914
  • Gelastreutes Bruce, 1990
  • Hippolyte Leach, 1814
  • Latreutes Stimpson, 1860
  • Leontocaris Stebbing, 1905
  • Merhippolyte Spence Bate, 1888 1888
  • Nauticaris Spence Bate, 1888 1888
  • Paralatreutes Kemp, 1925
  • Phycocaris Kemp, 1916
  • Saron Thallwitz, 1891
  • Thorella Bruce, 1982
  • Tozeuma Stimpson, 1860
  • Trachycaris Calman, 1906

References
  1. Spence Bate, C. (1888). Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by the Challenger during the years 1873-76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. ”Challenger” during the years 1873-76. 24: i-xc, 1-942, Plates 1-157.
  2. Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-06.
  3. Christoffersen, M.L., 1987. Phylogenetic relationships of hippolytid genera, with an assignment of new families for the Crangonoidea and Alpheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Cladistics 3: 348-362.
  4. De Grave, S, Li, C.P., Tsang L.M., Chu K.H., Chan T.-Y. (2014). Unweaving hippolytoid systematics (Crustacea, Decapoda, Hippolytidae): resurrection of several families. Zoologica Scripta, 43, 496–507.
  5. "Hippolytidae Spence Bate, 1888". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2019. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
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