List of Soviet computer systems

This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

List of hardware

The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

Ministry of Radio Technology
Agat-9

Computer systems from the Ministry of Radio Technology:[1]

Ministry of Instrument Making
Iskra-1030

Computer systems from the Ministry of Instrument Making:[1]

Ministry of the Electronics Industry

Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry:[1]

Soviet Academy of Sciences
Besta running Bestix
  • BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes
  • Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone
  • Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series
  • Kronos (Кронос)
  • MESM (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950)
  • M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950-1951)

ZX Spectrum clones
Hobbit

Other
  • 5E** (5Э**) series - military computers
    • 5E51 (5Э51)
    • 5E53 (5Э53)
    • 5E76 (5Э76) - IBM/360 clone, military version
    • 5E92 (5Э92)
    • 5E92b (5Э92б)
  • A series — ES EVM-compatible military computers
  • Argon — a series of military real-time computers
  • AS-6 (АС-6) - multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment - 6"
  • Dnepr (Днепр)
  • GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) - Hybrid Computer System
  • Irisha (Ириша)
  • Juku — Estonian school computer
  • Kiev (Киев)
  • Korvet (Корвет)
  • Krista (Криста)
  • Micro-80 (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor
  • Microsha (Микроша) — modification of Radio-86RK
  • MIR, МИР (uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2")
  • Nairi (Наири)
  • Orion-128 (Орион-128)
  • Promin (Проминь)
  • PS-2000, PS-3000 — multiprocessor supercomputers in the 1980s
  • Razdan (Раздан)
  • Radon — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense
  • Radio-86RK — simplified and modified version of Micro-80
  • Sneg[2] (Снег)
  • Specialist (Специалист)
  • SVS
  • TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1)
  • TIA-MC-1 An arcade system
  • UM (УМ)
  • UT-88
  • Vesna and Sneg[2] — early mainframes

List of operating systems
  • For Kronos
  • For BESM
    • D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68)
    • DISPAK (“Диспетчер Пакетов,” Dispatcher of the Packets)
    • DUBNA (“ДУБНА”)
  • For ES EVM
    • DOS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
    • OS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
  • For SM EVM
    • RAFOS (РАФОС), FOBOS (ФОБОС) and FODOS (ФОДОС) — RT-11 clones
    • OSRV (ОСРВ) — RSX-11M clone, one of the most popular Soviet multi-user systems
    • DEMOS — BSD-based Unix-like; later was ported to x86 and some other architectures
    • INMOS (ИНМОС, Инструментальная мобильная операционная система)
  • For 8-bit microcomputers
  • For ZX Spectrum clones
  • For different platforms
    • MISS (Multipurpose Interactive timeSharing System) - ES EVM ES1010, ES EVM ES1045, D3-28M, PC-compatible, etc.
  • MOS (operating system) - a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s

See also

References
  1. Judy, Richard W.; Clough, Robert W. (1989). "Soviet Computers in the 1980s: A Review of the Hardware". Advances in Computers. 29: 251–330. doi:10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60535-5. ISBN 9780120121298.
  2. "Электронные вычислительные машины "Весна" и "Снег"". Archived from the original on 2006-09-01.
  3. "Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting". Archived from the original on 2010-08-28.
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