Phonognatha

Phonognatha is a genus of South Pacific orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895.[3] It was originally placed with the long-jawed orb weavers, and was moved to Araneidae in 2008.[4]

Phonognatha
Phonognatha graeffei
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Araneidae
Genus: Phonognatha
Simon, 1894[1]
Type species
P. graeffei
(Keyserling, 1865)
Species

4, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Singotypa Simon, 1894[2]

The leaf curling spider (Phonognatha graeffei) is a common Australian spider found in urban areas as well as woodlands of the northeastern, eastern, and southern states.[1] Phonognatha vicitra was formerly placed in the genus, but it has been shown to be a misidentification of Acusilas coccineus.[5]

Species

As of April 2019 it contains four species:[1]

  • Phonognatha graeffei (Keyserling, 1865) (type) – Australia
  • Phonognatha melania (L. Koch, 1871) – Australia
  • Phonognatha neocaledonica Berland, 1924 – New Caledonia
  • Phonognatha tanyodon Kallal & Hormiga, 2018 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)

References
  1. "Gen. Phonognatha Simon, 1894". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  2. Dondale, C. D. (1966). "The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory". Australian Journal of Zoology. 14: 1170. doi:10.1071/ZO9661157.
  3. Simon, E (1895). Histoire naturelle des araignées. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.51973.
  4. Kuntner, M.; Coddington, J. A.; Hormiga, G. (2008). "Phylogeny of extant nephilid orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Nephilidae): testing morphological and ethological homologies". Cladistics. 24 (2): 190. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00176.x.
  5. Sankaran, P.M. & Sebastian, P.A. (2018). "Phonognatha vicitra Sherriffs, 1928—a taxonomic misidentification of the orb-weaving spider Acusilas coccineus Simon, 1895 (Araneae, Araneidae)". Zootaxa. 4434 (2): 391–395. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4434.2.12.


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