Timeline of Addis Ababa

The following is a historical events of Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, including its formation prior to 20th century by chronology.

Prior to 20th century

15th-century – "Barara" was identified as possible location of the city
1450 – Italian cartographer, Fra Mauro depicted the city standing between Mounts Zikwala and Menegasha
1529 — Ethiopian-Adal War, the Adal Sultanate entirely sacked the city under general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi .
1884 – Mount Entoto was founded by Negus and later Emperor Menelik II
1886 — The city's former name called Finfinne renamed "Addis Ababa" ("New Flower") by Taytu Betul, Empress Consort of the Ethiopian Empire.[1]
1889 — Population: 15,000 (estimate).[2]
1891 — Ethiopian Empire capital relocated to Addis Ababa from Entoto (approximate date).[3][4]
1896 — St. George's Cathedral built.
1897
- Harar-Addis telephone line constructed.[3]
- Hospital opens.[5]

20th century

1903 — Eucalyptus trees planted.[1]
1904
- Mint established.[3]
- Asmara — Addis telephone line constructed.[3]
1906 — Telegraph office[3] and Menelik II school established.[6]
1907
- Ras Makonnen bridge constructed.[3]
- Itegue Taitu Hotel in business.[7]
1908 — Tefere Makonnen high school established.[8]
1913 — Courrier d'Ethiopie newspaper begins publication.
1917 — Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway begins operating.[9]
1922
- Nasibu Emmanual becomes mayor.
- Leprosy hospital built.
1924 — Medhane Alem school established.[6]
1928 — Empress Menen school established.[6]

1930s–1940s

1930
- 2 November: Haile Sellasie crowned "King of Kings of Ethiopia."
- Guenete Leul Palace built.
- Population: 80,000 (estimate).[2]
1935 — Hager Fikir Association formed.
1936
- April: Aerial bombing by Italian forces.[10]
- 5 May: City taken by Italian forces.[4]
- City becomes capital of Italian East Africa.[4]
- Giuseppe Bottai becomes governor, succeeded by Alfredo Siniscalchi.
1937
- 19 February - Attempted assassination of Rodolfo Graziani at Viceregal Palace.[11][12]
- 19–20 February: Crackdown by Italian forces on Ethiopian population.[11][13]
1938 — Francesco Camero Medici becomes governor.
1939 — Enrico Cerulli becomes governor, succeeded by Guglielmo Nasi.
1940
- Giuseppe Daodice becomes governor.
- Hailé Sélassié Stadium opens.
1941
- Agenore Frangipani becomes governor.
- 5 May: Haile Selassie returns.
- Addis Zemen Amharic-language newspaper begins publication.[14]
1942 — Holy Trinity Cathedral built.
1943 — Haile Selassie I school established.[6]
1944 — Public library inaugurated.[8][15]
1945 — Anbessa City Bus Service founded.
1947 — Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce founded.[16]

1950s–1960s

1950 — University College of Addis Ababa established.[8]
1952 — Prince Makonnen school established.[6]
1955 — Jubilee Palace[5] and Haile Sellasie I Theatre built.[1]
1958
- Institute of Archaeology founded.
- Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in city.[17]
1960
- December: Coup attempt.[18]
- Koka Dam constructed.
1961
- Bole Airport established.
- United Nations Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in Addis Ababa.
1963
- Organization of African Unity headquartered in Addis Ababa.[19]
- Orchestra Ethiopia, Addis Ababa Bank, and Addis Ababa University's Institute of Ethiopian Studies[5] established.
1965
- Council of the Oriental Orthodox Churches held.[19]
- Population: 560,000.[20]
1966
- Centre International de Developpement et de Recherche[21] and Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society[18] headquartered in Addis Ababa.
- University Students' Union of Addis Ababa established.

1970s–1980s

1974
- February: Demonstrations.[11]
- Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital in operation.
1975
- Population: 1,161,267.[22]
- Kebeles established.
1977
- February: Coup at Menelik Palace.[18]
- Alemu Abebe becomes mayor.
1984
- Addis Ababa Museum established.[8]
- Population: 1,412,575.[23]
1987 — City becomes capital of People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

1990s

1991
- Finfinne become the capital city of the Oromia Region.
- City taken by Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.[4]
- An ammunition warehouse explodes, killing 100[24]
- Ethiopian Economic Association headquartered in Addis Ababa.[25]
1992 — Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development headquartered in Addis Ababa.[21]
1994
- Theological College of the Holy Trinity re-opens.[26]
- Population: 2,112,737.[19]
1995
- Addis Ababa "given the status of self-governed city."[27]
- The Reporter newspaper begins publication.[28]
1996
- Addis Chamber International Trade Fair begins (approximate date).[29]
- Goshu Art Gallery and Asni Gallery founded.[8]
1998 — Addis Ababa Ring Road construction begins.
1999
- Mojo-Addis Ababa highway constructed.[30]
- Ethiopian National Archives and Library established.[15]
2000
- City administrative areas reorganized into 10 sub-cities: Arada, Addis Ketema, Akaki Kalati, Bole, Cherkos, Gulele, Kolfe Keranio, Lideta, Nefas Silk, and Yeka.[31]
- Oromia's capital relocated from Finfinne to Adama.
- Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association[32] and Universal Arts and Crafts gallery[8] established.
- November: Burial of Haile Selassie.[4]

21st century

2000s

2001 — City plan adopted.[27]
2002
- African Union headquartered in Addis Ababa.[19]
- AIDS Resource Center launched.[33]
- Population: 2,646,000.[34]
- Bole Airport new terminal opens.[18]
2003 — Arkebe Oqubay becomes mayor.
2004 — Ethiopian Orthodox Library-Museum inaugurated.[8]
2005
- Oromia's capital restored to Addis Ababa
- Election protest.[35]
2006
- 12 May: Bombings.[36]
- Federation of African Societies of Chemistry headquartered in Addis Ababa.[37]
2007
- Addis International Film Festival begins.[38]
- Dembel Mall built.
2008
- Addis Ababa Women’s Affairs Bureau established.[39]
- Kuma Demeksa becomes mayor.
- April–May: African Championships in Athletics held.
2009 — Cinema Yoftahe opens.[40]

2010s

2011 — Jazzamba Lounge (nightclub) in business.[41]
2012
- Muslim protest.[42]
- African Union Conference Center inaugurated.[43]
2013 — 2 June: Anti-government protest.[44]
2017
- Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway in operation.
- The Koshe landfill collapses, burying stick and brick houses, killing many people.
- Population: 4,215,965 (estimate).[45]
2018
- Takele Uma Benti becomes mayor.
2020
- Adanech Abebe becomes a Deputy mayor, being the first female mayor to hold a position.
2021
- Adanech Abebe reelected as a mayor
- United Front of Ethiopian Federalist and Confederalist Forces groups close in on Addis Ababa and threaten to take it.[46]

References

Zewde 2005.
Palen 1974.
Pankhurst 1961.
"Ethiopia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
Siegbert Uhlig, ed. (2007). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica. Vol. 3. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05607-6.
Gould 1973.
Philip Briggs (2012). Ethiopia (6th ed.). UK: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841624143.
Shiferaw Assefa (2010), "Ethiopia: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
"Abyssinia". New International Year Book. NY: Dodd, Mead and Co. 1921.
International Herald Tribune, 5 April 1936
Harold G. Marcus (1994), A History of Ethiopia, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 0520081218
New York Times, 21 February 1937
New York Times, 24 February 1937
"Ethiopia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. p. 429+. ISBN 1857431839.
"About Us". Ethiopian National Archives and Library Agency. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Nazret.com". Retrieved 30 September 2014.
Richard Green (2004). "United Nations". Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. p. 38+. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
David H. Shinn; Thomas P. Ofcansky (2004). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6566-2.
"City Profile". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
"Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
UN-HABITAT 2008.
Krauss, Clifford (1991-06-05). "100 Killed in Blast at Ethiopian Depot". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
"EEA Profile". Ethiopian Economic Association. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"History". Holy Trinity Theological College. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
Rutten 2005.
"About Us". Addis Ababa: Media & Communications Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Trade Fair". Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations. Archived from the original on 5 December 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
Sweco; Nordic Consulting Group (2003), Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links (PDF), vol. 2: Description of Corridors, African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
"Urban Inequities Report: Addis Ababa". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. Retrieved 20 February 2013. 2003?
"Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"About NARC". National AIDS Resource Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
"Riots in Addis". Global Voices. 3 November 2005. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
New York Times, 12 May 2006
"Federation of African Societies of Chemistry". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Addis International Film Festival". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Addis Ababa City Administration women, Children and Youths Affair Bureau". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
"Movie Theaters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
"In Ethiopia's Capital, a Resurgent Jazz Scene", New York Times, 13 November 2014
Jon Abbink (2013). "Ethiopia". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 325+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
"African Union opens Chinese-funded HQ in Ethiopia". BBC News Online. BBC. 2012-01-28.
"Thousands march for rights in rare Ethiopia protest". Reuters. 2 June 2013.
"Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
Neuman, Scott; Peralta, Eyder (2021-11-09). "Rebels are closing in on Ethiopia's capital. Its collapse could bring regional chaos". NPR. Retrieved 2021-12-17.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th-20th century

"Capital of Abyssinia". Scottish Geographical Magazine. 1895.
P.H.G. Powell-Cotton (1902). "(Adis Ababa)". A Sporting Trip through Abyssinia. London: Rowland Ward.
"Addis Ababa is New Town of Ethiopia". New York Times. May 3, 1936. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
Richard Pankhurst (1961). "Menelik and the Foundation of Addis Ababa". Journal of African History. 2 (1): 103–117. doi:10.1017/S0021853700002176. JSTOR 179586.
W. T. S. Gould (1973). "Provision of Secondary Schools in African Cities: A Study of Addis Ababa". Town Planning Review. 44 (4): 391–403. doi:10.3828/tpr.44.4.gjp8500406g838tq. JSTOR 40102950.
J. John Palen (1974). "Housing in a Developing Nation: The Case of Addis Ababa". Land Economics. 50 (4): 428–434. doi:10.2307/3145012. JSTOR 3145012.
Ahmend Zekaria; et al., eds. (1987). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Centenary of Addis Ababa 1986.
Alain Gascon (1995). "La naissance du paysage urbain à Addis Abäba (Birth of the Urban Landscape in Addis Ababa)". In Alessandro Triulzi (ed.). Fotografia e storia dell'Africa (in French). Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale". OCLC 34610996.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Peter P. Garretson (2000). A History of Addis Abäba from Its Foundation in 1886 to 1910. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-04060-0.

Published in 21st century

City Government, City Development Plan 2001-2010, Addis Ababa
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2005). "Addis Ababa". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
M. Rutten and T. Degefa (2005). "Addis Ababa". In K. Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
Bahru Zewde (2005). "The City Centre: a Shifting Concept in the History of Addis Ababa". In Abdoumaliq Simone; Abdelghani Abouhani (eds.). Urban Africa: Changing Contours of Survival in the City. London: Zed Books. ISBN 1842775936.
Annabel Erulkar; et al. (2006). "Migration and Vulnerability among Adolescents in Slum Areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". Journal of Youth Studies. 9.
Ethiopia: Addis Ababa Urban Profile. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2008.

External links

Media related to History of Addis Ababa at Wikimedia Commons

"(Addis Ababa)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
"(Addis Ababa)" – via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library. (Images, etc.)
"(Addis Ababa)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
"(Addis Ababa)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
"(Addis Ababa)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
"(Addis Ababa)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
"(Addis Ababa)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
"Addis Ababa". BlackPast.org. United States.
"Addis Ababa". ArchNet. Archived from the original on 14 February 2006.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[FOOTNOTEZewde2005-1] Zewde 2005.

[FOOTNOTEPalen1974-2] Palen 1974.

[FOOTNOTEPankhurst1961-3] Pankhurst 1961.

[bbc-timeline-4] "Ethiopia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[Uhlig2007-5] Siegbert Uhlig, ed. (2007). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica. Vol. 3. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05607-6.

[FOOTNOTEGould1973-6] Gould 1973.

[7] Philip Briggs (2012). Ethiopia (6th ed.). UK: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841624143.

[bates2010-8] Shiferaw Assefa (2010), "Ethiopia: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127

[9] "Abyssinia". New International Year Book. NY: Dodd, Mead and Co. 1921.

[10] International Herald Tribune, 5 April 1936

[marcus1994-11] Harold G. Marcus (1994), A History of Ethiopia, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 0520081218

[12] New York Times, 21 February 1937

[13] New York Times, 24 February 1937

[14] "Ethiopia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. p. 429+. ISBN 1857431839.

[nala-15] "About Us". Ethiopian National Archives and Library Agency. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[16] "Nazret.com". Retrieved 30 September 2014.

[Green2004-17] Richard Green (2004). "United Nations". Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. p. 38+. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.

[Shinn2004-18] David H. Shinn; Thomas P. Ofcansky (2004). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6566-2.

[aagov-19] "City Profile". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[20] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.

[fpri-21] "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[22] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.

[FOOTNOTEUN-HABITAT2008-23] UN-HABITAT 2008.

[24] Krauss, Clifford (1991-06-05). "100 Killed in Blast at Ethiopian Depot". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-06-05.

[25] "EEA Profile". Ethiopian Economic Association. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[26] "History". Holy Trinity Theological College. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[FOOTNOTERutten2005-27] Rutten 2005.

[28] "About Us". Addis Ababa: Media & Communications Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[29] "Trade Fair". Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations. Archived from the original on 5 December 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[AFDB2003-30] Sweco; Nordic Consulting Group (2003), Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links (PDF), vol. 2: Description of Corridors, African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

[31] "Urban Inequities Report: Addis Ababa". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. Retrieved 20 February 2013. 2003?

[32] "Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association". Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[33] "About NARC". National AIDS Resource Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[34] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.

[35] "Riots in Addis". Global Voices. 3 November 2005. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)

[36] New York Times, 12 May 2006

[37] "Federation of African Societies of Chemistry". Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[38] "Addis International Film Festival". Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[39] "Addis Ababa City Administration women, Children and Youths Affair Bureau". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.

[cinema-40] "Movie Theaters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2014.

[41] "In Ethiopia's Capital, a Resurgent Jazz Scene", New York Times, 13 November 2014

[42] Jon Abbink (2013). "Ethiopia". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 325+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.

[43] "African Union opens Chinese-funded HQ in Ethiopia". BBC News Online. BBC. 2012-01-28.

[44] "Thousands march for rights in rare Ethiopia protest". Reuters. 2 June 2013.

[45] "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations

[46] Neuman, Scott; Peralta, Eyder (2021-11-09). "Rebels are closing in on Ethiopia's capital. Its collapse could bring regional chaos". NPR. Retrieved 2021-12-17.

Years in Ethiopia (1855–present)
19th century	Pre-1850s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s
20th century	1910s 1920s 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

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