Achang language
The Achang language (Achang: Ngachang; Chinese: 阿昌, Burmese: အာချန်) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Achang (also known as Maingtha and Ngochang) in Yunnan, China, and northern Myanmar.[2]
| Achang | |
|---|---|
| Ngachang အာချန် / ငါချန် | |
| Pronunciation | [ŋa˨˩tʂhaŋ˨˩] |
| Native to | China, Myanmar |
| Ethnicity | Achang |
Native speakers | (60,000 cited 1990–2007)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | acn |
| Glottolog | acha1252 |
| ELP | Xiandao |
Distribution
Achang is spoken in the following locations (阿昌语简志):
- Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture
- Husa 户撒
- Lianghe County, Dehong Prefecture
- Zhedao 遮岛
- Xiangsong 襄宋
- Dachang 大厂
- Luxi City, Dehong Prefecture
- Jiangdong 江东
- Longling County, Baoshan
The Chintaw or Xiandao 仙岛 dialect (100 speakers; autonym kʰan˧˩ tau˧˩) is spoken in the following two locations in Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture (Xiandaoyu Yanjiu).
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | pʰ b | tʰ d | cʰ ɟ | kʰ ɡ | ʔ | |
| Affricate | tsʰ dz | tʃʰ dʒ | ||||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | ç | h | ||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Approximant | w | l | j |
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɯ | u |
| Mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | aˑ a |
Syntax
Achang word order is subject-object-verb (SOV). There is no dominant order for nouns and their adjective modifiers.[6]
References
- Achang at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
- "Achang". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
- "Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángmiǎn Cūn Xiāndǎo Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒缅村仙岛自然村 [Xiandao Natural Village, Mangmian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-05.
- "Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángxiàn Cūn Měngé Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒线村勐俄自然村 [Meng'e Natural Village, Mangxian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2016-03-09. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
- Inglis & Inglis (2003)
- "Language Achang". The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
Further reading
- Inglis, Douglas; Inglis, Connie (2003), A Preliminary Phonology of Ngochang – via Academia.edu
- Nasaw Sampu; Wilai Jaseng; Thocha Jana; Douglas Inglis (2005), A Preliminary Ngochang – Kachin – English Lexicon (PDF) – via SIL.org
- Yabu, Shirō 藪 司郎 (1990). "The Achang Language of Burma". In Sakiyama, Osamu 崎山 理 (ed.). Ajia no shogengo to ippan gengogaku アジアの諸言語と一般言語学 [Asian Languages and General Linguistics]. Tokyo: Sanseidō. pp. 124–141.
External links
- Dryer, Matthew S.; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Achang language". World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- Bible in Achang
- Listen to a sample of Achang from Global Recordings Network
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