Nusu language
Nusu (autonym: nu33 su33) is a Loloish language spoken by the Nu people of China. There are three dialects: Northern, Southern, and Central. The Central dialect of Miangu is the prestige dialect and is understood fairly well by speakers of other dialects.[1]
| Nusu | |
|---|---|
| Native to | China |
| Ethnicity | Nu |
Native speakers | 13,000 (2007)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nuf |
| Glottolog | nusu1239 |
Lama (2012) observes a sound change *r- > Ø- from Proto-Loloish as a Nusoish innovation.
Distribution
The three Nusu dialects are spoken in the following locations (Nusuzu Nusuyu Jianzhi 怒族怒苏语简志 1986).
- Southern, also known as the Guoke-Puluo (果科-普洛) dialect: northern Lushui County 泸水县, in Guoke 果科,[2] Puluo 普洛,[3] Tongping 同坪,[4] Jiajia 加甲[5] (3,000 speakers)
- Central, also known as the Zhizhiluo-Laomudeng (知之罗-老姆登) dialect: southern Fugong County 福贡县, in Pihe 匹河怒族乡,[6] Zhizhiluo 知之罗,[7][8] Laomudeng 老姆登,[9] Miangu 棉古,[10] Shawa 沙瓦,[11] Zileng 子楞[12] (4,000 speakers)
- Northern, also known as the Wawa-Kongtong (瓦娃-空通) dialect: Fugong County 福贡县, in Wawa 瓦娃,[13][14] Kongtong 空通,[15][16] Youduoluo 有夺洛[17] (2,000 speakers)
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | (Alveolo-) Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | voiced | /m/ | /n/ | /ɲ/ | /ŋ/ | ||
| unvoiced | /m̥/ | /n̥/ | |||||
| Stop | voiced | /b/ | /d/ | /ɡ/ | |||
| unvoiced | /p/ | /t/ | /k/ | ||||
| aspirated | /pʰ/ | /tʰ/ | /kʰ/ | ||||
| Affricate | voiced | /dz/ | /ɖʐ/ | /dʑ/ | |||
| unvoiced | /ts/ | /ʈʂ/ | /tɕ/ | ||||
| aspirated | /tsʰ/ | /ʈʂʰ/ | /tɕʰ/ | ||||
| Fricative | unvoiced | /f/ | /s/ | /ʂ/ | /ɕ/ | /x/ | /h/ |
| voiced | /v/ | /z/ | /ʐ/ | /ʑ/ | /ɣ/ | ||
| Lateral | voiced | /l/ | /j/ | /w/ | |||
| unvoiced | /l̥/ | ||||||
Tones
Nusu has seven tones:
| Tone | IPA |
|---|---|
| High | ˥ |
| High falling | ˥˧ |
| Creaky low | ˩ˀ |
| Low | ˩ |
| Creaky high | ˥ˀ |
| Rising-falling | ˨˦˨ |
| Mid | ˧ |
References
- Nusu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡果科村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡普洛村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡托坪村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡架究村委会".
- http://www.ynszxc.net/model/index4.aspx?departmentid=1524
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡知子罗村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡知子罗村委会知子罗 达罗".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡老姆登村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡棉谷村委会".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡沙瓦村委会沙瓦".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡沙瓦村委会子楞".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡瓦娃村委会瓦娃一".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡瓦娃村委会瓦娃二".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡瓦娃村委会空通一".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡瓦娃村委会空通二".
- "福贡县匹河怒族乡瓦娃村委会优夺罗".
External links
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